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  1. Tribe Fabeae comprises about 380 legume species, including some of the most ancient and important crops like lentil, pea, and broad bean. Breeding efforts in legume crops rely on a detailed knowledge of closes...

    Authors: Hanno Schaefer, Paulina Hechenleitner, Arnoldo Santos-Guerra, Miguel Menezes de Sequeira, R Toby Pennington, Gregory Kenicer and Mark A Carine
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:250
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Allorecognition, the ability of an organism to distinguish self from non-self, occurs throughout the entire tree of life. Despite the prevalence and importance of allorecognition systems, the genetic basis of ...

    Authors: Marie L Nydam and Anthony W De Tomaso
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:249
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Marine fish, such as the Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), often show a low degree of differentiation over large geographical regions. Despite strong environmental gradients (salinity and temperature) in the Ba...

    Authors: Amber GF Teacher, Carl André, Juha Merilä and Christopher W Wheat
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Seamount-associated faunas are often considered highly endemic but isolation and diversification processes leading to such endemism have been poorly documented at those depths. Likewise, species delimitation a...

    Authors: Néstor E Ardila, Gonzalo Giribet and Juan A Sánchez
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Many marine meiofaunal species are reported to have wide distributions, which creates a paradox considering their hypothesized low dispersal abilities. Correlated with this paradox is an especially high taxono...

    Authors: Katharina M Jörger, Jon L Norenburg, Nerida G Wilson and Michael Schrödl
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is considered to be a major force driving the evolutionary history of prokaryotes. HGT is widespread in prokaryotes, contributing to the genomic repertoire of prokaryotic organis...

    Authors: Phuong Thi Le, Hemalatha Golaconda Ramulu, Laurent Guijarro, Julien Paganini, Philippe Gouret, Olivier Chabrol, Dider Raoult and Pierre Pontarotti
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:243
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Delimiting genetic units is useful to enhance taxonomic discovery and is often the first step toward understanding evolutionary mechanisms generating diversification. The six species within the Rhinella crucifer ...

    Authors: Maria Tereza C Thomé, Kelly R Zamudio, Célio F B Haddad and João Alexandrino
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:242
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Over the last ten years we have seen great efforts focused on revising amphibian systematics. Phylogenetic reconstructions derived from DNA sequence data have played a central role in these revisionary studies...

    Authors: Rafael O de Sá, Jeffrey W Streicher, Relebohile Sekonyela, Mauricio C Forlani, Simon P Loader, Eli Greenbaum, Stephen Richards and Célio F B Haddad
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Zona pellucida domain-containing proteins (ZP proteins) have been identified as the principle constituents of the egg coat (EC) of diverse metazoan taxa, including jawed vertebrates, urochordates and molluscs ...

    Authors: Qianghua Xu, Guang Li, Lixue Cao, Zhongjun Wang, Hua Ye, Xiaoyin Chen, Xi Yang, Yiquan Wang and Liangbiao Chen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:239
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The correlation of genetic distances between pairs of protein sequence alignments has been used to infer protein-protein interactions. It has been suggested that these correlations are based on the signal of c...

    Authors: Lakshmipuram S Swapna, Narayanaswamy Srinivasan, David L Robertson and Simon C Lovell
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:238
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. HIV-1 derives from multiple independent transfers of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains from chimpanzees to human populations. We hypothesized that human populations in west central Africa may have be...

    Authors: Kai Zhao, Yasuko Ishida, Taras K Oleksyk, Cheryl A Winkler and Alfred L Roca
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:237
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. A Southwest Asian origin and dispersal to North Africa in the Early Upper Palaeolithic era has been inferred in previous studies for mtDNA haplogroups M1 and U6. Both haplogroups have been proposed to show sim...

    Authors: Erwan Pennarun, Toomas Kivisild, Ene Metspalu, Mait Metspalu, Tuuli Reisberg, Jean-Paul Moisan, Doron M Behar, Sacha C Jones and Richard Villems
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:234
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Animals often display phenotypic plasticity in morphologies and behaviors that result in distinct adaptations to fluctuating seasonal environments. The butterfly Bicyclus anynana has two seasonal forms, wet and d...

    Authors: Andrew Everett, Xiaoling Tong, Adriana D Briscoe and Antónia Monteiro
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:232
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Somatostatin and its related neuroendocrine peptides have a wide variety of physiological functions that are mediated by five somatostatin receptors with gene names SSTR1-5 in mammals. To resolve their evolution ...

    Authors: Daniel Ocampo Daza, Görel Sundström, Christina A Bergqvist and Dan Larhammar
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:231
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are one of the most important genetic systems in the vertebrate immune response. The diversity of MHC genes may directly influence the survival of individuals a...

    Authors: Yoshiki Yasukochi, Toshifumi Kurosaki, Masaaki Yoneda, Hiroko Koike and Yoko Satta
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:230
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The broadly accepted pattern of rapid evolution of reproductive genes is primarily based on studies of animal systems, although several examples of rapidly evolving genes involved in reproduction are found in ...

    Authors: Kristiina Nygren, Andreas Wallberg, Nicklas Samils, Jason E Stajich, Jeffrey P Townsend, Magnus Karlsson and Hanna Johannesson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:229
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a major food source for over 200 million sub-Saharan Africans. Unfortunately, its cultivation is severely hampered by cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Caused by a complex of biparti...

    Authors: Alexandre De Bruyn, Julie Villemot, Pierre Lefeuvre, Emilie Villar, Murielle Hoareau, Mireille Harimalala, Anli L Abdoul-Karime, Chadhouliati Abdou-Chakour, Bernard Reynaud, Gordon W Harkins, Arvind Varsani, Darren P Martin and Jean-Michel Lett
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The class A scavenger receptors are a subclass of a diverse family of proteins defined based on their ability to bind modified lipoproteins. The 5 members of this family are strikingly variable in their protei...

    Authors: Fiona J Whelan, Conor J Meehan, G Brian Golding, Brendan J McConkey and Dawn M E Bowdish
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:227
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. In 2004, we discovered an atypical protein in metagenomic data from marine thaumarchaeotal species. This protein, referred as DnaJ-Fer, is composed of a J domain fused to a Ferredoxin (Fer) domain. Surprisingl...

    Authors: Céline Petitjean, David Moreira, Purificación López-García and Céline Brochier-Armanet
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:226
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. While research on the impact of global climate change (GCC) on ecosystems and species is flourishing, a fundamental component of biodiversity – molecular variation – has not yet received its due attention in s...

    Authors: Markus Pfenninger, Miklós Bálint and Steffen U Pauls
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:224
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  29. Comparing the covariation patterns of populations or species is a basic step in the evolutionary analysis of quantitative traits. Here I propose a new, simple method to make this comparison in two population s...

    Authors: Carlos Garcia
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:222
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  30. Plant parasitic nematodes are unusual Metazoans as they are equipped with genes that allow for symbiont-independent degradation of plant cell walls. Among the cell wall-degrading enzymes, glycoside hydrolase f...

    Authors: Katarzyna Rybarczyk-Mydłowska, Hazel Ruvimbo Maboreke, Hanny van Megen, Sven van den Elsen, Paul Mooyman, Geert Smant, Jaap Bakker and Johannes Helder
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:221
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Over the last 6 decades, rodent Plasmodium species have become key model systems for understanding the basic biology of malaria parasites. Cell and molecular parasitology have made much progress in identifying ge...

    Authors: Ricardo S Ramiro, Sarah E Reece and Darren J Obbard
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:219
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The symbiosis between reef-building corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium) is an integral part of the coral reef ecosystem, as corals are dependent on Symbiodinium for the majority of their ener...

    Authors: Jason T Ladner, Daniel J Barshis and Stephen R Palumbi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:217
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The sequencing of the genome of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum revealed an unusual expansion of the miRNA machinery, with two argonaute-1, two dicer-1 and four pasha gene copies. In this report, we have undert...

    Authors: Benjamín Ortiz-Rivas, Stéphanie Jaubert-Possamai, Sylvie Tanguy, Jean-Pierre Gauthier, Denis Tagu and Rispe Claude
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:216
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The gamma-gliadins are considered to be the oldest of the gliadin family of storage proteins in Aegilops/Triticum. However, the expansion of this multigene family has not been studied in an evolutionary perspecti...

    Authors: Svetlana V Goryunova, Elma MJ Salentijn, Nadejda N Chikida, Elena Z Kochieva, Ingrid M van der Meer, Luud JWJ Gilissen and Marinus JM Smulders
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:215
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase (CDS) is a key enzyme in biosynthetic pathways producing pyrethrins and irregular monoterpenes. These compounds are confined to plants of the tribe Anthemideae of the Asterac...

    Authors: Ping-Li Liu, Jun-Nan Wan, Yan-Ping Guo, Song Ge and Guang-Yuan Rao
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Adaptive radiation is the process by which a single ancestral species diversifies into many descendants adapted to exploit a wide range of habitats. The appearance of ecological opportunities, or the colonisat...

    Authors: Glenn Litsios, Carrie A Sims, Rafael O Wüest, Peter B Pearman, Niklaus E Zimmermann and Nicolas Salamin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:212
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Recent evidence supports the proposal that the observed diversity of animal body plans has been produced through alterations to the complexity of the regulatory genome rather than increases in the protein-codi...

    Authors: Lisa Zondag, Peter K Dearden and Megan J Wilson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The European trout (Salmo trutta species complex) occurs across a very wide altitudinal range from lowland rivers to alpine streams. Historically, the major European river systems contained different, evolutionar...

    Authors: Irene Keller, Jolanda Schuler, Etienne Bezault and Ole Seehausen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:210
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Marine phytoplankton drift passively with currents, have high dispersal potentials and can be comprised of morphologically cryptic species. To examine molecular subdivision in the marine diatom Thalassiosira rotu...

    Authors: Kerry A Whittaker, Dayna R Rignanese, Robert J Olson and Tatiana A Rynearson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:209
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. In the Calvin cycle of eubacteria, the dephosphorylations of both fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate (FBP) and sedoheptulose-1, 7-bisphosphate (SBP) are catalyzed by the same bifunctional enzyme: fructose-1, 6-bisphos...

    Authors: Yong-Hai Jiang, De-Yong Wang and Jian-Fan Wen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:208
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Small, isolated populations often experience loss of genetic variation due to random genetic drift. Unlike neutral or nearly neutral markers (such as mitochondrial genes or microsatellites), major histocompati...

    Authors: Mao-Fang Luo, Hui-Juan Pan, Zhi-Jin Liu and Ming Li
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:207
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Gene duplications play an important role in the evolution of functional protein diversity. Some models of duplicate gene evolution predict complex forms of paralog divergence; orthologous proteins may diverge ...

    Authors: Cameron J Weadick and Belinda SW Chang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:206
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Mangroves are ecologically important and highly threatened forest communities. Observational and genetic evidence has confirmed the long distance dispersal capacity of water-dispersed mangrove seeds, but less ...

    Authors: Ivania Cerón-Souza, Eldredge Bermingham, William Owen McMillan and Frank Andrew Jones
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Numerous recent studies have shown that resident symbiotic microorganisms of insects play a fundamental role in host ecology and evolution. The lepidopteran pest, African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta), is a highl...

    Authors: Robert I Graham and Kenneth Wilson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:204
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2013 13:6

  48. The Visayan Tarictic Hornbill (Penelopides panini) and the Walden’s Hornbill (Aceros waldeni) are two threatened hornbill species endemic to the western islands of the Visayas that constitute - between Luzon and ...

    Authors: Svenja Sammler, Valerio Ketmaier, Katja Havenstein, Ulrike Krause, Eberhard Curio and Ralph Tiedemann
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:203
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Most fishes possess two paralogs for myostatin, a muscle growth inhibitor, while salmonids are presumed to have four: mstn1a, mstn1b, mstn2a and mstn2b, a pseudogene. The mechanisms responsible for preserving the...

    Authors: Casey B Lawson, Takumu Niino, Russell A Hermansen, Vera Brok-Volchanskaya, Melissa F Jackson, Dilip K Garikipati, David A Liberles and Buel D Rodgers
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:202
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The Batrachoididae family is a group of marine teleosts that includes several species with more complicated physiological characteristics, such as their excretory, reproductive, cardiovascular and respiratory ...

    Authors: Manuel A Merlo, Ismael Cross, José L Palazón, María Úbeda-Manzanaro, Carmen Sarasquete and Laureana Rebordinos
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012 12:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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