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  2. Spliceosomal introns are a common feature of eukaryotic genomes. To approach a comprehensive understanding of intron evolution on Earth, studies should look beyond repeatedly studied groups such as animals, pl...

    Authors: Ming-Yue Ma, Xun-Ru Che, Andrea Porceddu and Deng-Ke Niu
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:286
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. The main cattle breed in Korea is the brown Hanwoo, which has been under artificial selection within a national breeding program for several decades. Varieties of the Hanwoo known as Jeju Black and Chikso were...

    Authors: Eva M. Strucken, Seung H. Lee, Gul W. Jang, Laercio R. Porto-Neto and Cedric Gondro
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:284
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Gene duplication is believed to be the classical way to form novel genes, but overprinting may be an important alternative. Overprinting allows entirely novel proteins to evolve de novo, i.e., formerly non-coding...

    Authors: Lea Fellner, Svenja Simon, Christian Scherling, Michael Witting, Steffen Schober, Christine Polte, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Daniel A. Keim, Siegfried Scherer and Klaus Neuhaus
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:283
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Immune response induction benefits insects in combatting infection by pathogens. However, organisms have a limited amount of resources available and face the dilemma of partitioning resources between immunity ...

    Authors: Andrea Barthel, Heike Staudacher, Antje Schmaltz, David G. Heckel and Astrid T. Groot
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:282
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Collagens provide structural support and guidance cues within the extracellular matrix of metazoans. Mammalian collagens XIII, XXIII and XXV form a unique subgroup of type II transmembrane proteins, each compr...

    Authors: Hongmin Tu, Pirkko Huhtala, Hang-Mao Lee, Josephine C. Adams and Taina Pihlajaniemi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:281
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Sclerolinum (Annelida: Siboglinidae) is a genus of small, wiry deep-sea tubeworms that depend on an endosymbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria for their nutrition, notable for their ab...

    Authors: Magdalena N. Georgieva, Helena Wiklund, James B. Bell, Mari H. Eilertsen, Rachel A. Mills, Crispin T. S. Little and Adrian G. Glover
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:280
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Phylogeographic studies of aquatic insects provide valuable insights into mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of communities, yet studies that include broad geographic areas are uncommon for this group...

    Authors: John S. Sproul, Derek D. Houston, C. Riley Nelson, R. Paul Evans, Keith A. Crandall and Dennis K. Shiozawa
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Self-splicing introns are present in the mitochondria of members of most eukaryotic lineages. They are divided into Group I and Group II introns, according to their secondary structure and splicing mechanism. ...

    Authors: Dorothée Huchon, Amir Szitenberg, Sigal Shefer, Micha Ilan and Tamar Feldstein
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:278
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Interactions between wildlife and humans are increasing. Urban animals are often less wary of humans than their non-urban counterparts, which could be explained by habituation, adaptation or local site selecti...

    Authors: Wouter F.D. van Dongen, Randall W. Robinson, Michael A. Weston, Raoul A. Mulder and Patrick-Jean Guay
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The microscopic worm group Lobatocerebridae has been regarded a ‘problematicum’, with the systematic relationship being highly debated until a recent phylogenomic study placed them within annelids (Curr Biol 2...

    Authors: Alexandra Kerbl, Nicolas Bekkouche, Wolfgang Sterrer and Katrine Worsaae
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:277
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Organisms may develop into multiple phenotypes under different nutritional environments by developmental plasticity, whereas the potential costs and mechanisms of such plasticity are poorly understood. Here we...

    Authors: Jiaqin Xie, Patrick De Clercq, Chang Pan, Haosen Li, Yuhong Zhang and Hong Pang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Understanding the causes and consequences of phenotypic variability is a central topic of evolutionary biology. Mutations within non-coding cis-regulatory regions are thought to be of major effect since they affe...

    Authors: Guillermo P. Bernet and Santiago F. Elena
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Proteins in the Glycoside Hydrolase family 32 (GH32) are carbohydrate-active enzymes known as invertases that hydrolyse the glycosidic bonds of complex saccharides. Fungi rely on these enzymes to gain access t...

    Authors: M. A. Van der Nest, E. T. Steenkamp, A. R. McTaggart, C. Trollip, T. Godlonton, E. Sauerman, D. Roodt, K. Naidoo, M. P. A. Coetzee, P. M. Wilken, M. J. Wingfield and B. D. Wingfield
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:273
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. It is now popularly accepted that there was an “RNA world” in early evolution of life. This idea has a direct consequence that later on there should have been a takeover of genetic material – RNA by DNA. Howev...

    Authors: Wentao Ma, Chunwu Yu, Wentao Zhang, Sanmao Wu and Yu Feng
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:272
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) have been successfully used in phylogenomics for a variety of taxa, but their power in phylogenetic inference has yet to be extensively compared with that of traditional Sanger s...

    Authors: Bonnie B. Blaimer, Seán G. Brady, Ted R. Schultz, Michael W. Lloyd, Brian L. Fisher and Philip S. Ward
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Cats have been transported as human commensals worldwide giving rise to many feral populations. In Australia, feral cats have caused decline and extinction of native mammals, but their time of introduction and...

    Authors: K. Koch, D. Algar, J. B. Searle, M. Pfenninger and K. Schwenk
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:262
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Nannandry is a sexual system where males (”dwarf males”) are much smaller than the conspecific females. Dwarf males occur in a wide range of unrelated organisms but the evolutionary advantages of this conditio...

    Authors: Frida Rosengren, Bengt Hansson and Nils Cronberg
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:270
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Teleosts constitute more than 99 % of living actinopterygian fishes and fossil teleosts have been studied for about two centuries. However, a general consensus on the definition of Teleostei and the relationsh...

    Authors: Emilia Sferco, Adriana López-Arbarello and Ana María Báez
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Male seminal fluid proteins (SFPs), transferred to females during mating, are important reproductive proteins that have multifarious effects on female reproductive physiology and that often show remarkably rap...

    Authors: Julieta Goenaga, Takashi Yamane, Johanna Rönn and Göran Arnqvist
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Two subspecies of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata castanotis and T. g. guttata are native to Australia and the Lesser Sunda Islands, respectively. The Australian subspecies has been domesticated and is now an im...

    Authors: Daniel J. Newhouse and Christopher N. Balakrishnan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. The class Chlorophyceae (Chlorophyta) includes morphologically and ecologically diverse green algae. Most of the documented species belong to the clade formed by the Chlamydomonadales (also called Volvocales) ...

    Authors: Claude Lemieux, Antony T. Vincent, Aurélie Labarre, Christian Otis and Monique Turmel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:264
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Dietary changes associated to shifts in subsistence strategies during human evolution may have induced new selective pressures on phenotypes, as currently held for lactase persistence. Similar hypotheses exist...

    Authors: Eliška Podgorná, Issa Diallo, Christelle Vangenot, Alicia Sanchez-Mazas, Audrey Sabbagh, Viktor Černý and Estella S. Poloni
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:263
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Leptomonas is monogenetic kinetoplastid parasite of insects and is primitive in comparison to Leishmania. Comparative studies of these two kinetoplastid may share light on the evolutio...

    Authors: Indira Singh Chauhan, Jaspreet Kaur, Shagun Krishna, Arpita Ghosh, Prashant Singh, Mohammad Imran Siddiqi and Neeloo Singh
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:261
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Ditrysia comprise close to 99 % of all butterflies and moths. The evolutionary relationships among the ditrysian superfamilies have received considerable attention in phylogenetic studies based on DNA and tran...

    Authors: Maria Heikkilä, Marko Mutanen, Niklas Wahlberg, Pasi Sihvonen and Lauri Kaila
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:260
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. A deeper understanding of differences and similarities in transcriptional regulation between species can uncover important information about gene functions and the role of genes in disease. Deciphering such pa...

    Authors: Gianni Monaco, Sipko van Dam, João Luis Casal Novo Ribeiro, Anis Larbi and João Pedro de Magalhães
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Maternal care (egg-nymph guarding behavior) has been recorded in some genera of Acanthosomatidae. However, the origin of the maternal care in the family has remained unclear due to the lack of phylogenetic hyp...

    Authors: Jing-Fu Tsai, Shin-ichi Kudo and Kazunori Yoshizawa
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:258
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Geological events in the latter Cenozoic have influenced the distribution, abundance and genetic structure of tree populations in temperate and tropical North America. The biogeographical history of temperate ...

    Authors: Yalma L. Vargas-Rodriguez, William J. Platt, Lowell E. Urbatsch and David W. Foltz
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Major, long-term environmental changes are projected in the Southern Ocean and these are likely to have impacts for marine predators such as the Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae). Decadal monitoring studies hav...

    Authors: Jane Younger, Louise Emmerson, Colin Southwell, Patrick Lelliott and Karen Miller
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:236
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Rollinschaeta myoplena gen. et sp. nov is described from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Konservat-Lagerstätten of Hakel and Hjoula, Lebanon. The myoanatomy of the fossils is preserve...

    Authors: Luke A. Parry, Paul Wilson, Dan Sykes, Gregory D. Edgecombe and Jakob Vinther
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is one of only six bird species with an almost world-wide distribution. We aimed at clarifying its phylogeographic structure and elucidating its taxonomic status (as it is currently...

    Authors: Flavio Monti, Olivier Duriez, Véronique Arnal, Jean-Marie Dominici, Andrea Sforzi, Leonida Fusani, David Grémillet and Claudine Montgelard
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. In social Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), various chemical compounds present on the cuticle have been shown to act as fertility signals. In addition, specific queen-characteristic hydrocarbons have been im...

    Authors: Ricardo Caliari Oliveira, Cintia Akemi Oi, Mauricio Meirelles Castro do Nascimento, Ayrton Vollet-Neto, Denise Araujo Alves, Maria Claudia Campos, Fabio Nascimento and Tom Wenseleers
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that the pantropical genus Bauhinia L. s.l. (Bauhiniinae, Cercideae, Leguminosae) is paraphyletic and may as well be subdivided into nine genera, including...

    Authors: Yanxiang Lin, William Oki Wong, Gongle Shi, Si Shen and Zhenyu Li
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Loaches of the family Nemacheilidae are one of the most speciose elements of Palearctic freshwater ichthyofauna and have undergone rapid ecological adaptations and colonizations. Their cytotaxonomy is largely ...

    Authors: Alexandr Sember, Jörg Bohlen, Vendula Šlechtová, Marie Altmanová, Radka Symonová and Petr Ráb
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:251
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. For a remote oceanic archipelago of up to 8 Myr age, the Azores have a comparatively low level of endemism. We present an analysis of phylogeographic patterns of endemic Azorean island arthropods aimed at test...

    Authors: Aristeidis Parmakelis, François Rigal, Thanos Mourikis, Katerina Balanika, Sofia Terzopoulou, Carla Rego, Isabel R. Amorim, Luís Crespo, Fernando Pereira, Kostas A. Triantis, Robert J. Whittaker and Paulo A. V. Borges
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:250
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The interaction between viruses and their receptors in the host can be expected to lead to an evolutionary arms race resulting in cycles of rapid adaptations. We focus here on the receptor gene Xpr1 (xenotropic a...

    Authors: Natascha Hasenkamp, Terry Solomon and Diethard Tautz
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Major factors influencing the phenotypic diversity of a lineage can be recognized by characterizing the extent and mode of trait evolution between related species. Here, we compared the evolutionary dynamics o...

    Authors: Martha Liliana Serrano-Serrano, Mathieu Perret, Maïté Guignard, Alain Chautems, Daniele Silvestro and Nicolas Salamin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:247
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Bacillus cereus sensu lato comprises eight closely related species including the human pathogens Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus. Within B. cereus sensu lato, chromosomally and ...

    Authors: Maria-Elisabeth Böhm, Christopher Huptas, Viktoria Magdalena Krey and Siegfried Scherer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Whole genome duplications (WGDs) have been proposed to have made a significant impact on vertebrate evolution. Two rounds of WGD (1R and 2R) occurred in the common ancestor of Gnathostomata and Cyclostomata, f...

    Authors: Hikoyu Suzuki, Masato Nikaido, Kimiko Hagino-Yamagishi and Norihiro Okada
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. A multitude of correlations between heterozygosity and fitness proxies associated with disease have been reported from wild populations, but the genetic basis of these associations is unresolved. We used a lon...

    Authors: Patrick M. Brock, Simon J. Goodman, Ailsa J. Hall, Marilyn Cruz and Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:242
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Phylogeography is an important tool that can be used to reveal cryptic biodiversity and to better understand the processes that promote lineage diversification. We studied the phylogeographic history of the Ar...

    Authors: Sean B. Reilly, Ammon Corl and David B. Wake
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Recent genetic studies have suggested that the colonization of East Asia by modern humans was more complex than a single origin from the South, and that a genetic contribution via a Northern route was probably...

    Authors: Da Di, Alicia Sanchez-Mazas and Mathias Currat
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:240
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Population structure and genetic diversity of marine organisms in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean exhibited complex patterns. Saccharina japonica is a commercially and ecologically important kelp species widely di...

    Authors: Jie Zhang, Jian-Ting Yao, Zhong-Min Sun, Gang Fu, Dmitry A. Galanin, Chikako Nagasato, Taizo Motomura, Zi-Min Hu and De-Lin Duan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2015 15:237
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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