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  1. Climate oscillations in the Cenozoic reduced species richness and genetic diversity of terrestrial and aquatic animals and plants in central and northern Europe. The most abundant arthropods in temperate soils...

    Authors: Helge von Saltzwedel, Stefan Scheu and Ina Schaefer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. In the duplication-degeneration-complementation (DDC) model, a duplicated gene has three possible fates: it may lose functionality through the accumulation of mutations (nonfunctionalization), acquire a new fu...

    Authors: Robert B. Laprairie, Eileen M. Denovan-Wright and Jonathan M. Wright
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. A deeply rooted phylogenetic lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) termed lineage 7 was discovered in Ethiopia. Whole genome sequencing of 30 lineage 7 strains from patients in Ethiopia was perf...

    Authors: Solomon A. Yimer, Amine Namouchi, Ephrem Debebe Zegeye, Carol Holm-Hansen, Gunnstein Norheim, Markos Abebe, Abraham Aseffa and Tone Tønjum
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Cave-dwelling animals evolve various traits as a consequence of life in darkness. Constructive traits (e.g., enhanced non-visual sensory systems) presumably arise under strong selective pressures. The mechanis...

    Authors: Joshua B. Gross, Amanda K. Powers, Erin M. Davis and Shane A. Kaplan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The evolution of primate sexual swellings and their influence on mating strategies have captivated the interest of biologists for over a century. Across the primate order, variability in the timing of ovulatio...

    Authors: Pamela Heidi Douglas, Gottfried Hohmann, Róisín Murtagh, Robyn Thiessen-Bock and Tobias Deschner
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. In plant-feeding insects, the evolutionary retention of polyphagy remains puzzling. A better understanding of the relationship between these organisms and changes in the metabolome of their host plants is like...

    Authors: Hélène Audusseau, Maria de la Paz Celorio-Mancera, Niklas Janz and Sören Nylin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Anchored hybrid enrichment is a form of next-generation sequencing that uses oligonucleotide probes to target conserved regions of the genome flanked by less conserved regions in order to acquire data useful f...

    Authors: Andrew Donovan Young, Alan R. Lemmon, Jeffrey H. Skevington, Ximo Mengual, Gunilla Ståhls, Menno Reemer, Kurt Jordaens, Scott Kelso, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Martin Hauser, Marc De Meyer, Bernhard Misof and Brian M. Wiegmann
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Over the past 40 million years water temperatures have dramatically dropped in the Southern Ocean, which has led to the local extinction of most nearshore fish lineages. The evolution of antifreeze glycoprotei...

    Authors: Yinan Hu, Laura Ghigliotti, Marino Vacchi, Eva Pisano, H. William Detrich III and R. Craig Albertson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. RLSB, an S-1 domain RNA binding protein of Arabidopsis, selectively binds rbcL mRNA and co-localizes with Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) within chloroplasts of C3 and C4 plants. Previou...

    Authors: Pradeep Yerramsetty, Matt Stata, Rebecca Siford, Tammy L. Sage, Rowan F. Sage, Gane Ka-Shu Wong, Victor A. Albert and James O. Berry
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Geographic and demographic factors as well as specialisation to a new host-plant may lead to host-associated differentiation in plant-feeding insects. We explored the phylogeography of a protected moth, Graellsia...

    Authors: Neus Marí-Mena, Carlos Lopez-Vaamonde, Horacio Naveira, Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg and Marta Vila
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. One aspect of premating isolation between diverging, locally-adapted population pairs is female mate choice for resident over alien male phenotypes. Mating preferences often show considerable individual variat...

    Authors: Carolin Sommer-Trembo, David Bierbach, Lenin Arias-Rodriguez, Yesim Verel, Jonas Jourdan, Claudia Zimmer, Rüdiger Riesch, Bruno Streit and Martin Plath
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The disjunct distribution of several Palearctic species has been widely shaped by the changes in climatic conditions during the Quaternary. The observed genetic differentiation or reproductive isolation betwee...

    Authors: Jürgen Trettin, Shobhit Agrawal and Jürgen Heinze
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Replicate population pairs that diverge in response to similar selective regimes allow for an investigation of (a) whether phenotypic traits diverge in a similar and predictable fashion, (b) whether there is grad...

    Authors: Rüdiger Riesch, Michael Tobler, Hannes Lerp, Jonas Jourdan, Tess Doumas, Patrik Nosil, R. Brian Langerhans and Martin Plath
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:136
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The optimal allocation of resources to sexual signals and other life history traits is usually dependent on an individual’s condition, while variation in the expression of sexual traits across environments dep...

    Authors: Maider Iglesias-Carrasco, Megan L. Head, Michael D. Jennions and Carlos Cabido
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. RNA editing by C-to-U conversions is nearly omnipresent in land plant chloroplasts and mitochondria, where it mainly serves to reconstitute conserved codon identities in the organelle mRNAs. Reverse U-to-C RNA...

    Authors: Nils Knie, Felix Grewe, Simon Fischer and Volker Knoop
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Modern cold-water coral and tropical coral environments harbor a highly diverse and ecologically important macrofauna of crustaceans that face elevated extinction risks due to reef decline. The effect of envir...

    Authors: Adiël A. Klompmaker, Sten L. Jakobsen and Bodil W. Lauridsen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The number of partners that individuals mate with over their lifetime is a defining feature of mating systems, and variation in mate number is thought to be a major driver of sexual evolution. Although previou...

    Authors: Jennifer C. Perry, Richa Joag, David J. Hosken, Nina Wedell, Jacek Radwan and Stuart Wigby
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:131
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Understanding the mechanisms and selective forces leading to adaptive radiations and origin of biodiversity is a major goal of evolutionary biology. Acrocephalus warblers are small passerines that underwent an ad...

    Authors: Radka Reifová, Veronika Majerová, Jiří Reif, Markus Ahola, Antero Lindholm and Petr Procházka
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Comparative investigations on bilaterian neurogenesis shed light on conserved developmental mechanisms across taxa. With respect to annelids, most studies focus on taxa deeply nested within the annelid tree, w...

    Authors: Conrad Helm, Oliver Vöcking, Ioannis Kourtesis and Harald Hausen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:129
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Mating systems that reduce dispersal and lead to non-random mating might increase the potential for genetic structure to arise at fine geographic scales. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have a lek...

    Authors: Joshua P. Jahner, Daniel Gibson, Chava L. Weitzman, Erik J. Blomberg, James S. Sedinger and Thomas L. Parchman
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. All vertebrates initially feed their offspring using yolk reserves. In some live-bearing species these yolk reserves may be supplemented with extra nutrition via a placenta. Sharks belonging to the Carcharhini...

    Authors: Dominic G. Swift, Luke T. Dunning, Javier Igea, Edward J. Brooks, Catherine S. Jones, Leslie R. Noble, Adam Ciezarek, Emily Humble and Vincent Savolainen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:126
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Dispersal is often associated with a suite of phenotypic traits that might reduce dispersal costs, but can be energetically costly themselves outside dispersal. Hence, dispersing and philopatric individuals mi...

    Authors: Charlotte Récapet, Alexandre Zahariev, Stéphane Blanc, Mathilde Arrivé, François Criscuolo, Pierre Bize and Blandine Doligez
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6) is a protein complex that hydrolyses cGMP and acts as the effector of the vertebrate phototransduction cascade. The PDE6 holoenzyme consists of catalytic and inhibitory subunits belo...

    Authors: David Lagman, Ilkin E. Franzén, Joel Eggert, Dan Larhammar and Xesús M. Abalo
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:124
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Wnt proteins are secreted signalling molecules found in all animal phyla. In bilaterian animals, including humans, Wnt proteins play key roles in development, maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration. While...

    Authors: Ilya Borisenko, Marcin Adamski, Alexander Ereskovsky and Maja Adamska
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Local adaptation, the differential success of genotypes in their native versus foreign environment, arises from various evolutionary processes, but the importance of concurrent abiotic and biotic factors as dr...

    Authors: Megan A. Rúa, Anita Antoninka, Pedro M. Antunes, V. Bala Chaudhary, Catherine Gehring, Louis J. Lamit, Bridget J. Piculell, James D. Bever, Cathy Zabinski, James F. Meadow, Marc J. Lajeunesse, Brook G. Milligan, Justine Karst and Jason D. Hoeksema
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:122
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Aggressive behaviors are an integral part of competitive interactions. There is considerable variation in aggressiveness among individuals both within and among species. Aggressiveness is a quantitative trait ...

    Authors: Urs Kalbitzer, Christian Roos, Gisela H. Kopp, Thomas M. Butynski, Sascha Knauf, Dietmar Zinner and Julia Fischer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The subtribe Vampyressina (sensu Baker et al. 2003) encompasses approximately 43 species and seven genera and is a recent and diversified group of New World leaf-nosed bats specialized in fruit eating. The system...

    Authors: Anderson José Baia Gomes, Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi, Luis Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Thayse Cristine Melo Benathar, Talita Fernanda Augusto Ribas, Patricia Caroline Mary O’Brien, Fengtang Yang, Malcolm Andrew Ferguson-Smith and Julio Cesar Pieczarka
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:119
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Digestive cells are present in all metazoans and provide the energy necessary for the whole organism. Pancreatic exocrine cells are a unique vertebrate cell type involved in extracellular digestion of a wide r...

    Authors: Margherita Perillo, Yue Julia Wang, Steven D. Leach and Maria Ina Arnone
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:117
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Despite the great importance of lepidopteran wing patterns in various biological disciplines, homologies between wing pattern elements in different moth and butterfly lineages are still not understood. Among o...

    Authors: Sandra R. Schachat and Richard L. Brown
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:116
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Recent developments in Bayesian phylogenetic models have increased the range of inferences that can be drawn from molecular sequence data. Accordingly, model selection has become an important component of phyl...

    Authors: Sebastián Duchêne, David A. Duchêne, Francesca Di Giallonardo, John-Sebastian Eden, Jemma L. Geoghegan, Kathryn E. Holt, Simon Y. W. Ho and Edward C. Holmes
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:115
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  35. The evolution of novel genes is thought to be a critical component of morphological innovation but few studies have explicitly examined the contribution of novel genes to the evolution of novel tissues. Nemato...

    Authors: Leslie S. Babonis, Mark Q. Martindale and Joseph F. Ryan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:114
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Convergent evolution has been a challenging topic for decades, being cetaceans, pinnipeds and sirenians textbook examples of three independent origins of equivalent phenotypes. These mammalian lineages acquire...

    Authors: Mariana F. Nery, Brunno Borges, Aline C. Dragalzew and Tiana Kohlsdorf
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:113
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in the adaptive immune system and has been extensively studied across vertebrate taxa. Although the function of MHC genes appears to be conserved...

    Authors: Shandiya Balasubramaniam, Rebecca D. Bray, Raoul A. Mulder, Paul Sunnucks, Alexandra Pavlova and Jane Melville
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:112
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Developmental processes that underpin morphological variation have become a focus of interest when attempting to interpret macroevolutionary patterns. Recently, the Dental Inhibitory Cascade (dic) model has been ...

    Authors: Katherine E. Carter and Steven Worthington
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:110
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  40. The metabolic theory of ecology stipulates that molecular evolutionary rates should correlate with temperature and latitude in ectothermic organisms. Previous studies have shown that most groups of vertebrates...

    Authors: Jonathan Rolland, Oriane Loiseau, Jonathan Romiguier and Nicolas Salamin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:95
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Kinetoplastea is a diverse protist lineage composed of several of the most successful parasites on Earth, organisms whose metabolisms have coevolved with those of the organisms they infect. Parasitic kinetopla...

    Authors: Ugo Cenci, Daniel Moog, Bruce A. Curtis, Goro Tanifuji, Laura Eme, Julius Lukeš and John M. Archibald
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:109
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. In recent years, several types of molecular markers and new microscale skeletal characters have shown potential as powerful tools for phylogenetic reconstructions and higher-level taxonomy of scleractinian cor...

    Authors: Anna Maria Addamo, Agostina Vertino, Jaroslaw Stolarski, Ricardo García-Jiménez, Marco Taviani and Annie Machordom
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:108
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:149

  43. Arthropods have received much attention as a model for studying opsin evolution in invertebrates. Yet, relatively few studies have investigated the diversity of opsin proteins that underlie spectral sensitivit...

    Authors: Nathan P. Lord, Rebecca L. Plimpton, Camilla R. Sharkey, Anton Suvorov, Jonathan P. Lelito, Barry M. Willardson and Seth M. Bybee
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:107
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The visual system is important for animals for mate choice, food acquisition, and predator avoidance. Animals possessing a visual system can sense particular wavelengths of light emanating from objects and the...

    Authors: Yusuke Sakai, Hajime Ohtsuki, Satoshi Kasagi, Shoji Kawamura and Masakado Kawata
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:106
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Four plastid regions, rpoB, rpoC1, matK, and trnH-psbA, have been recommended as DNA barcodes for plants. Their success in delimiting species boundaries depends on the existence of a clear-cut difference between ...

    Authors: Sofia Caetano Wyler and Yamama Naciri
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:103
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Studying how trophic traits and niche use are related in natural populations is important in order to understand adaptation and specialization. Here, we describe trophic trait diversity in twenty-five Norwegia...

    Authors: Kjartan Østbye, Chris Harrod, Finn Gregersen, Tom Klepaker, Michael Schulz, Dolph Schluter and Leif Asbjørn Vøllestad
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:102
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Intralocus sexual conflict, arising from selection for different alleles at the same locus in males and females, imposes a constraint on sex-specific adaptation. Intralocus sexual conflict can be alleviated by...

    Authors: David Berger, Tao You, Maravillas R. Minano, Karl Grieshop, Martin I. Lind, Göran Arnqvist and Alexei A. Maklakov
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:88
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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