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  1. Msx originated early in animal evolution and is implicated in human genetic disorders. To reconstruct the functional evolution of Msx and inform the study of human mutations, we analyzed the phylogeny and synt...

    Authors: John R Finnerty, Maureen E Mazza and Peter A Jezewski
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:18
  2. Orthologs of the vertebrate ATP gated P2X channels have been identified in Dictyostelium and green algae, demonstrating that the emergence of ionotropic purinergic signalling was an early event in eukaryotic evol...

    Authors: Selvan Bavan, Volko A Straub, Mark L Blaxter and Steven J Ennion
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:17
  3. Male killing endosymbionts manipulate their arthropod host reproduction by only allowing female embryos to develop into infected females and killing all male offspring. Because the resulting change in sex rati...

    Authors: Dries Bonte, Thomas Hovestadt and Hans-Joachim Poethke
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:16
  4. As exemplified by the famously successful model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, nematodes offer outstanding animal systems for investigating diverse biological phenomena due to their small genome sizes, short ge...

    Authors: Samantha C Lewis, Leslie A Dyal, Caroline F Hilburn, Stephanie Weitz, Wei-Siang Liau, Craig W LaMunyon and Dee R Denver
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:15
  5. Correction to Kirsch S, Pasantes J, Wolf A, Bogdanova N, Münch C, Pennekamp P, Krawczak M, Dworniczak B, Schempp W: Chromosomal evolution of the PKD1 gene family in primates. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008, 8:263 ...

    Authors: Stefan Kirsch, Juanjo Pasantes, Andreas Wolf, Nadia Bogdanova, Claudia Münch, Arseni Markoff, Petra Pennekamp, Michael Krawczak, Bernd Dworniczak and Werner Schempp
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:14

    The original article was published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:263

  6. Sensing bitter tastes is crucial for many animals because it can prevent them from ingesting harmful foods. This process is mainly mediated by the bitter taste receptors (T2R), which are largely expressed in t...

    Authors: Dong Dong, Gareth Jones and Shuyi Zhang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:12
  7. The SPFH protein superfamily is a diverse family of proteins whose eukaryotic members are involved in the scaffolding of detergent-resistant microdomains. Recently the origin of the SPFH proteins has been ques...

    Authors: Markus Hinderhofer, Christina A Walker, Anke Friemel, Claudia AO Stuermer, Heiko M Möller and Alexander Reuter
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:10
  8. Sleep is a biological enigma. Despite occupying much of an animal's life, and having been scrutinized by numerous experimental studies, there is still no consensus on its function. Similarly, no hypothesis has...

    Authors: Brian T Preston, Isabella Capellini, Patrick McNamara, Robert A Barton and Charles L Nunn
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:7
  9. A major question in behavioural ecology concerns the relationship between genetic mating systems and the strength of sexual selection. In this study, we investigated the genetic mating system of the two-spotte...

    Authors: Kenyon B Mobley, Trond Amundsen, Elisabet Forsgren, Per A Svensson and Adam G Jones
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:6
  10. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a mitochondrial anion carrier, expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of Eutherians. UCP1 is responsible for uncoupling mitochondrial proton transport from the production of ATP...

    Authors: David A Hughes, Martin Jastroch, Mark Stoneking and Martin Klingenspor
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:4
  11. Natural selection is a potent evolutionary force that shapes phenotypic variation to match ecological conditions. However, we know little about the year-to-year consistency of selection, or how inter-annual va...

    Authors: Ryan Calsbeek, Wolfgang Buermann and Thomas B Smith
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:3
  12. The multiplicity or loss of the vitellogenin (vtg) gene family in vertebrates has been argued to have broad implications for the mode of reproduction (placental or non-placental), cleavage pattern (meroblastic or...

    Authors: Roderick Nigel Finn, Jelena Kolarevic, Heidi Kongshaug and Frank Nilsen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:2
  13. Section Calochroi is one of the most species-rich lineages in the genus Cortinarius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) and is widely distributed across boreo-nemoral areas, with some extensions into meridional zones. Pr...

    Authors: Sigisfredo Garnica, Michael Weiß, Bernhard Oertel, Joseph Ammirati and Franz Oberwinkler
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2009 9:1
  14. The metazoan taxon Syndermata comprising Rotifera (in the classical sense of Monogononta+Bdelloidea+Seisonidea) and Acanthocephala has raised several hypotheses connected to the phylogeny of these animal group...

    Authors: Alexander Witek, Holger Herlyn, Achim Meyer, Louis Boell, Gregor Bucher and Thomas Hankeln
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:345
  15. Differences in plant annual/perennial habit are hypothesized to cause a generation time effect on divergence rates. Previous studies that compared rates of divergence for internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS

    Authors: David F Soria-Hernanz, Omar Fiz-Palacios, John M Braverman and Matthew B Hamilton
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:344
  16. The filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii grows into a multicellular mycelium that is distinct from the unicellular morphology of its closely related yeast species. It has been proposed that genes important for cell...

    Authors: Huifeng Jiang, Yue Zhang, Jun Sun, Wen Wang and Zhenglong Gu
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:343
  17. The high polymorphism rate in the human ABO blood group gene seems to be related to susceptibility to different pathogens. It has been estimated that all genetic variation underlying the human ABO alleles appe...

    Authors: Carles Lalueza-Fox, Elena Gigli, Marco de la Rasilla, Javier Fortea, Antonio Rosas, Jaume Bertranpetit and Johannes Krause
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:342
  18. Genetic breaks separating regional lineages of marine organisms with potentially high broadcasting abilities are generally attributed either to dispersal barriers such as currents or upwelling, or to behaviour...

    Authors: Peter R Teske, Isabelle Papadopoulos, Brent K Newman, Peter C Dworschak, Christopher D McQuaid and Nigel P Barker
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:341
  19. Mesoamerica is one of the world's most complex biogeographical regions, mostly due to its complex geological history. This complexity has led to interesting biogeographical processes that have resulted in the ...

    Authors: Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García, Omar Domínguez-Domínguez and Ignacio Doadrio
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:340
  20. Present day distributions of Palearctic taxa in northern latitudes mainly result from populations having survived in local patches during the Late Pleistocene and/or from recolonizing populations from southern...

    Authors: Aude Vialatte, Annie Guiller, Alain Bellido and Luc Madec
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:339
  21. Animals can gain protection against predators and parasites by living in groups. The encounter-dilution effect provides protection when the probability of detection of a group does not increase in proportion t...

    Authors: Frédéric B Muratori, David Damiens, Thierry Hance and Guy Boivin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:338
  22. Thanks to recent high coverage mass-spectrometry studies and reconstructed protein complexes, we are now in an unprecedented position to study the evolution of biological systems. Gene duplications, known to b...

    Authors: Radek Szklarczyk, Martijn A Huynen and Berend Snel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:337
  23. Based on the observation of an increased number of paralogous genes in teleost fishes compared with other vertebrates and on the conserved synteny between duplicated copies, it has been shown that a whole geno...

    Authors: Véronique Douard, Frédéric Brunet, Bastien Boussau, Isabelle Ahrens-Fath, Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem, Bernard Haendler, Vincent Laudet and Yann Guiguen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:336
  24. Viruses that have spent most of their evolutionary time associated with a single host lineage should have sequences that reflect codivergence of virus and host. Several examples for RNA viruses of host-virus t...

    Authors: Beilei Wu, Ulrich Melcher, Xingyi Guo, Xifeng Wang, Longjiang Fan and Guanghe Zhou
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:335
  25. Adaptive protein evolution is common in several Drosophila species investigated. Some studies point to very weak selection operating on amino-acid mutations, with average selection intensities on the order of Nes

    Authors: Doris Bachtrog
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:334
  26. For survival, scorpions depend on a wide array of short neurotoxic polypeptides. The venoms of scorpions from the most studied group, the Buthida, are a rich source of small, 23–78 amino acid-long peptides, we...

    Authors: Adi Kozminsky-Atias, Adi Bar-Shalom, Dan Mishmar and Noam Zilberberg
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:333
  27. A fundamental challenge in evolutionary biology is to resolve the mechanisms that maintain paternity a hypervariable fitness component. Because females are often sexually promiscuous, this challenge hinges on ...

    Authors: Tommaso Pizzari, Kirsty Worley, Terry Burke and David P Froman
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:332
  28. Widely used substitution models for proteins, such as the Jones-Taylor-Thornton (JTT) or Whelan and Goldman (WAG) models, are based on empirical amino acid interchange matrices estimated from databases of prot...

    Authors: Huai-Chun Wang, Karen Li, Edward Susko and Andrew J Roger
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:331
  29. Brain-expressed genes that were created in primate lineage represent obvious candidates to investigate molecular mechanisms that contributed to neural reorganization and emergence of new behavioural functions in

    Authors: Sandra Schmieder, Fleur Darré-Toulemonde, Marie-Jeanne Arguel, Audrey Delerue-Audegond, Richard Christen and Jean-Louis Nahon
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:330
  30. The braconid subfamily Rogadinae is a large, cosmopolitan group of endoparasitoid wasps characterised by 'mummifying' their lepidopteran host larvae, from which the adult subsequently emerges. Rogadines attack...

    Authors: Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón, Mark R Shaw, Alberto G Sáez, Miharu Mori, Sergey A Belokoblylskij, Scott R Shaw and Donald LJ Quicke
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:329
  31. Most filamentous ascomycete fungi produce high affinity iron chelators called siderophores, biosynthesized nonribosomally by multimodular adenylating enzymes called nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). Wh...

    Authors: Kathryn E Bushley, Daniel R Ripoll and B Gillian Turgeon
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:328
  32. Identifying coevolving positions in protein sequences has myriad applications, ranging from understanding and predicting the structure of single molecules to generating proteome-wide predictions of interaction...

    Authors: J Gregory Caporaso, Sandra Smit, Brett C Easton, Lawrence Hunter, Gavin A Huttley and Rob Knight
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:327
  33. Sex-ratio meiotic drive refers to the preferential transmission of the X chromosome by XY males. The loss of Y-bearing sperm is caused by an X-linked distorter and results in female-biased progeny. The fertility ...

    Authors: Caroline Angelard, Catherine Montchamp-Moreau and Dominique Joly
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:326
  34. Oceanography and life-history characteristics are known to influence the genetic structure of marine species, however the relative role that these factors play in shaping phylogeographic patterns remains unres...

    Authors: Marlene Neethling, Conrad A Matthee, Rauri CK Bowie and Sophie von der Heyden
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:325
  35. Sister species divergence and reproductive isolation commonly results from ecological adaptation. In mimetic Heliconius butterflies, shifts in colour pattern contribute to pre- and post-mating reproductive isolat...

    Authors: Nathalia Giraldo, Camilo Salazar, Chris D Jiggins, Eldredge Bermingham and Mauricio Linares
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:324
  36. The Drosophila Odorant-Binding Protein (Obp) genes constitute a multigene family with moderate gene number variation across species. The OS-E and OS-F genes are the two phylogenetically closest members of this fa...

    Authors: Alejandro Sánchez-Gracia and Julio Rozas
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:323
  37. Marine allopatric speciation is an enigma because pelagic larval dispersal can potentially connect disjunct populations thereby preventing reproductive and morphological divergence. Here we present a new hiera...

    Authors: Michael J Hickerson and Christopher P Meyer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:322
  38. The number of rodent clades identified above the family level is contentious, and to date, no consensus has been reached on the basal evolutionary relationships among all rodent families. Rodent suprafamilial ...

    Authors: Claudine Montgelard, Ellen Forty, Véronique Arnal and Conrad A Matthee
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:321
  39. Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Large DNA viruses (NCLDV), a diverse group that infects a wide range of eukaryotic hosts, exhibit a large heterogeneity in genome size (between 100 kb and 1.2 Mb) but have been suggested to ...

    Authors: Jonathan Filée, Noëlle Pouget and Mick Chandler
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:320
  40. Using information from physics, biomechanics and evolutionary biology, we explore the implications of physical constraints on sperm performance, and review empirical evidence for links between sperm length and...

    Authors: Stuart Humphries, Jonathan P Evans and Leigh W Simmons
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:319
  41. The mosquito Anopheles irenicus, a member of the Anopheles punctulatus group, is geographically restricted to Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands. It shows remarkable morphological similarities to one of its sibli...

    Authors: Arif U Hasan, Setsuo Suguri, Chigusa Fujimoto, Rodney L Itaki, Masakazu Harada, Masato Kawabata, Hugo Bugoro and Bobogare Albino
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:318
  42. Commonly used phylogenetic models assume a homogeneous evolutionary process throughout the tree. It is known that these homogeneous models are often too simplistic, and that with time some properties of the ev...

    Authors: Liat Shavit Grievink, David Penny, Mike D Hendy and Barbara R Holland
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:317
  43. Clostridial neurotoxins (CNTs) are the most deadly toxins known and causal agents of botulism and tetanus neuroparalytic diseases. Despite considerable progress in understanding CNT structure and function, the...

    Authors: Andrew C Doxey, Michael DJ Lynch, Kirsten M Müller, Elizabeth M Meiering and Brendan J McConkey
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:316
  44. The Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae) are one of the best-known examples of an adaptive radiation, but their persistence today is threatened by the introduction of exotic pathogens and their vector, the mo...

    Authors: Lori S Eggert, Lauren A Terwilliger, Bethany L Woodworth, Patrick J Hart, Danielle Palmer and Robert C Fleischer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:315
  45. The mitochondria of contemporary organisms contain fewer genes than the ancestral bacteria are predicted to have contained. Because most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus, the genes woul...

    Authors: Nakao Kubo, Masaru Fujimoto, Shin-ichi Arimura, Masashi Hirai and Nobuhiro Tsutsumi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:314

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