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  1. Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) and congeneric species are the most common North American mammals. They represent an emerging system for the genetic analyses of the physiological and behavioral bases of habita...

    Authors: Clifton M Ramsdell, Adrienne A Lewandowski, Julie L Weston Glenn, Paul B Vrana, Rachel J O'Neill and Michael J Dewey
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:65
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The study of recently-diverged species offers significant challenges both in the definition of evolutionary entities and in the estimation of gene flow among them. Iberian and North African wall lizards (Podarcis

    Authors: Catarina Pinho, D James Harris and Nuno Ferrand
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:63
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Gastropod mitochondrial genomes exhibit an unusually great variety of gene orders compared to other metazoan mitochondrial genome such as e.g those of vertebrates. Hence, gastropod mitochondrial genomes consti...

    Authors: Cristina Grande, José Templado and Rafael Zardoya
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:61
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. In crustaceans and insects, development and reproduction are controlled by the steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Like other steroids, 20E, is synthesized from cholesterol through reactions involving c...

    Authors: Kim F Rewitz and Lawrence I Gilbert
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:60
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The pattern of genetic variation within and among populations of a species is strongly affected by its phylogeographic history. Analyses based on putatively neutral markers provide data from which past events,...

    Authors: Patricia M Mirol, Jarkko Routtu, Anneli Hoikkala and Roger K Butlin
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:59
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. The evolutionary history of the Asian colobines is less understood. Although monophyly of the odd-nosed monkeys was recently confirmed, the relationships among the langur genera Presbytis, Semnopithecus and Trach...

    Authors: Martin Osterholz, Lutz Walter and Christian Roos
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:58
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The Euthyneura are considered to be the most successful and diverse group of Gastropoda. Phylogenetically, they are riven with controversy. Previous morphology-based phylogenetic studies have been greatly hamp...

    Authors: Annette Klussmann-Kolb, Angela Dinapoli, Kerstin Kuhn, Bruno Streit and Christian Albrecht
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:57
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Little attention has been paid to the consequences of the last landbridge between Africa and Sicily on Mediterranean biogeography. Previous paleontological and scarce molecular data suggest possible faunal exc...

    Authors: Matthias Stöck, Alessandra Sicilia, Natalia M Belfiore, David Buckley, Sabrina Lo Brutto, Mario Lo Valvo and Marco Arculeo
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:56
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The role of Wolbachia endosymbionts in shaping the mitochondrial diversity of their arthropod host depends on the effects they have on host reproduction and on the mode of transmission of the bacteria. We have co...

    Authors: Lumi Viljakainen, Max Reuter and Pekka Pamilo
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:55
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Carboxylesterases (CES) perform diverse metabolic roles in mammalian organisms in the detoxification of a broad range of drugs and xenobiotics and may also serve in specific roles in lipid, cholesterol, pherom...

    Authors: Roger S Holmes, Jeannie Chan, Laura A Cox, William J Murphy and John L VandeBerg
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:54
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Foraging in groups offers animals a number of advantages, such as increasing their likelihood of finding food or detecting and avoiding predators. In order for a group to remain together, there has to be some ...

    Authors: Sean A Rands, Guy Cowlishaw, Richard A Pettifor, J Marcus Rowcliffe and Rufus A Johnstone
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The lack of reference sequences from well-identified mycorrhizal fungi often poses a challenge to the inference of taxonomic affiliation of sequences from environmental samples, and many environmental sequence...

    Authors: Martin Ryberg, R Henrik Nilsson, Erik Kristiansson, Mats Töpel, Stig Jacobsson and Ellen Larsson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:50
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Many postglacial lakes contain fish species with distinct ecomorphs. Similar evolutionary scenarios might be acting on evolutionarily young fish communities in lakes of remote islands. One process that drives ...

    Authors: Christian Michel, Brendan J Hicks, Kai N Stölting, Andrew C Clarke, Mark I Stevens, Ray Tana, Axel Meyer and Michael R van den Heuvel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:49
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Among the EF-Hand calcium-binding proteins the subgroup of S100 proteins constitute a large family with numerous and diverse functions in calcium-mediated signaling. The evolutionary origin of this family is s...

    Authors: Andreas M Kraemer, Luis R Saraiva and Sigrun I Korsching
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:48
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The draft mouse (Mus musculus) genome sequence revealed an unexpected proliferation of gene duplicates encoding a family of secretoglobin proteins including the androgen-binding protein (ABP) α, β and γ subunits....

    Authors: Christina M Laukaitis, Andreas Heger, Tyler D Blakley, Pavel Munclinger, Chris P Ponting and Robert C Karn
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:46
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Two potential migratory routes followed by modern humans to colonize Eurasia from Africa have been proposed. These are the two natural passageways that connect both continents: the northern route through the S...

    Authors: Khaled K Abu-Amero, José M Larruga, Vicente M Cabrera and Ana M González
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:45
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. A large multigene family of NOD-like receptor (NLR) molecules have been described in mammals and implicated in immunity and apoptosis. Little information, however, exists concerning this gene family in non-mam...

    Authors: Kerry J Laing, Maureen K Purcell, James R Winton and John D Hansen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Otopetrin 1 (Otop1) encodes a multi-transmembrane domain protein with no homology to known transporters, channels, exchangers, or receptors. Otop1 is necessary for the formation of otoconia and otoliths, calcium ...

    Authors: Inna Hughes, Jonathan Binkley, Belen Hurle, Eric D Green, Arend Sidow and David M Ornitz
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:41
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Broad-scale phylogeographic studies of freshwater organisms provide not only an invaluable framework for understanding the evolutionary history of species, but also a genetic imprint of the paleo-hydrological ...

    Authors: Elsa Froufe, Sergey Alekseyev, Paulo Alexandrino and Steven Weiss
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:40
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Although much research has been carried out into European Reticulitermes taxonomy in recent years, there is still much discussion about phylogenetic relationships. This study investigated the evolution from intra...

    Authors: Thomas Lefebvre, Nicolas Châline, Denis Limousin, Simon Dupont and Anne-Geneviève Bagnères
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Environmental parental effects can have important ecological and evolutionary consequences, yet little is known about genetic variation among populations in the plastic responses of offspring phenotypes to par...

    Authors: Marie-Pierre Chapuis, Arnaud Estoup, Arnaud Augé-Sabatier, Antoine Foucart, Michel Lecoq and Yannis Michalakis
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Various expansions or contractions of inverted repeats (IRs) in chloroplast genomes led to fluxes in the IR-LSC (large single copy) junctions. Previous studies revealed that some monocot IRs contain a trnH-rps19 ...

    Authors: Rui-Jiang Wang, Chiao-Lei Cheng, Ching-Chun Chang, Chun-Lin Wu, Tian-Mu Su and Shu-Miaw Chaw
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. An open, focal issue in evolutionary biology is how reproductive isolation and speciation are initiated; elucidation of mechanisms with empirical evidence has lagged behind theory. Under ecological speciation,...

    Authors: Jeremy R Dettman, James B Anderson and Linda M Kohn
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:35
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The evolutionary consequences of competition are of great interest to researchers studying sympatric speciation, adaptive radiation, species coexistence and ecological assembly. Competition's role in driving e...

    Authors: Jabus G Tyerman, Melanie Bertrand, Christine C Spencer and Michael Doebeli
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:34
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Recent translocations of autosomal regions to the sex chromosomes represent important systems for identifying the evolutionary forces affecting convergent patterns of sex-chromosome heteromorphism. Additions t...

    Authors: Sergio V Flores, Amy L Evans and Bryant F McAllister
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:33
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. The major impact of Plio-Pleistocene climatic oscillations on the current genetic structure of many species is widely recognised but their importance in driving speciation remains a matter of controversies. In...

    Authors: Alban Guillaumet, Pierre-André Crochet and Jean-Marc Pons
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:32
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Overlapped genes originate by a) loss of a stop codon among contiguous genes coded in different frames; b) shift to an upstream initiation codon of one of the contiguous genes; or c) by overprinting, whereby a...

    Authors: Luis Delaye, Alexander DeLuna, Antonio Lazcano and Arturo Becerra
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:31
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Bacteria occur in facultative association and intracellular symbiosis with a diversity of eukaryotic hosts. Recently, we have helped to characterise an intracellular nitrogen fixing bacterium, the so-called sp...

    Authors: Christoph Kneip, Christine Voβ, Peter J Lockhart and Uwe G Maier
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:30
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The main prediction of life-history theory is that optimal energy allocated among the traits is related to the growth, maintenance and survival. It is hypothesized that the optimal resource allocated to immune...

    Authors: Andrea Šimková, Thomas Lafond, Markéta Ondračková, Pavel Jurajda, Eva Ottová and Serge Morand
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:29
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. There are around 400 internationally recognized dog breeds in the world today, with a remarkable diversity in size, shape, color and behavior. Breeds are considered to be uniform groups with similar physical c...

    Authors: Susanne Björnerfeldt, Frank Hailer, Maria Nord and Carles Vilà
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:28
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Within the astonishing diversity of orchid pollination systems, sexual deception is one of the most stunning. An example is the genus Ophrys, where plants attract male bees as pollinators by mimicking female mati...

    Authors: Florian P Schiestl and Salvatore Cozzolino
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:27
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Bacterial penicillin-binding proteins and β-lactamases (PBP-βLs) constitute a large family of serine proteases that perform essential functions in the synthesis and maintenance of peptidoglycan. Intriguingly, ...

    Authors: Nina Peitsaro, Zydrune Polianskyte, Jarno Tuimala, Isabella Pörn-Ares, Julius Liobikas, Oliver Speer, Dan Lindholm, James Thompson and Ove Eriksson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:26
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Gene duplication has been a fundamental process in the evolution of eukaryotic genomes. After duplication one copy (or both) can undergo divergence in sequence, expression pattern, and function. Two divergent ...

    Authors: Shao-Lun Liu and Keith Adams
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:25
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that genetic differentiation and speciation in the sea occur over much smaller spatial scales than previously appreciated given the wide distribution range of many m...

    Authors: Gert Wörheide, Laura S Epp and Luciana Macis
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:24
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Despite the prevalence of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in bacteria, to this date there were few studies on HGT in the context of gene expression, operons and protein-protein interactions. Using the recently ...

    Authors: Wagied Davids and Zhaolei Zhang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:23
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Pleistocene glaciations had considerable impact on phylogeographic patterns within and among closely related species of many vertebrates. Compared to Europe and North America, research on the phylogeography of...

    Authors: Hua Zhang, Jie Yan, Guoqiang Zhang and Kaiya Zhou
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:21
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Evolutionary biologists are often misled by convergence of morphology and this has been common in the study of bird evolution. However, the use of molecular data sets have their own problems and phylogenies ba...

    Authors: Mary Morgan-Richards, Steve A Trewick, Anna Bartosch-Härlid, Olga Kardailsky, Matthew J Phillips, Patricia A McLenachan and David Penny
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:20
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Hsp70 chaperones are required for key cellular processes and response to environmental changes and survival but they have not been fully characterized yet. The human hsp70-gene family has an unknown number of mem...

    Authors: Luciano Brocchieri, Everly Conway de Macario and Alberto JL Macario
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:19
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Insertion sequences (ISs) are small, mobile DNA entities able to expand in prokaryotic genomes and trigger important rearrangements. To understand their role in evolution, accurate IS taxonomy is essential. Th...

    Authors: Daniel De Palmenaer, Patricia Siguier and Jacques Mahillon
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:18
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The neprilysin (M13) family of endopeptidases are zinc-metalloenzymes, the majority of which are type II integral membrane proteins. The best characterised of this family is neprilysin, which has important rol...

    Authors: Nicholas D Bland, John W Pinney, Josie E Thomas, Anthony J Turner and R Elwyn Isaac
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:16
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Organisms live in environments that vary. For life-history traits that vary across environments, fitness will be maximised when the phenotype is appropriately matched to the environmental conditions. For the f...

    Authors: Simon C Harvey, Alison Shorto and Mark E Viney
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008 8:15
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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