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  1. Bats of the family Phyllostomidae show a unique diversity in feeding specializations. This taxon includes species that are highly specialized on insects, blood, small vertebrates, fruits or nectar, and pollen....

    Authors: Thomas Datzmann, Otto von Helversen and Frieder Mayer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The genus Burkholderia includes a variety of species with opportunistic human pathogenic strains, whose increasing global resistance to antibiotics has become a public health problem. In this context a major role...

    Authors: Elena Perrin, Marco Fondi, Maria Cristiana Papaleo, Isabel Maida, Silvia Buroni, Maria Rosalia Pasca, Giovanna Riccardi and Renato Fani
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Climate in alpine habitats has undergone extreme variation during Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, resulting in repeated expansion and contraction of alpine glaciers. Many cold-adapted alpine species have resp...

    Authors: Sean D Schoville and George K Roderick
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:163
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The hydrogen bond patterns between mainchain atoms in protein structures not only give rise to regular secondary structures but also satisfy mainchain hydrogen bond potential. However, not all mainchain atoms ...

    Authors: Catherine L Worth and Tom L Blundell
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. There is increasing interest in the evolution of protein-protein interactions because this should ultimately be informative of the patterns of evolution of new protein functions within the cell. One model prop...

    Authors: Åsa Pérez-Bercoff, Takashi Makino and Aoife McLysaght
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Oceanic islands provide unique scenarios for studying the roles of geography and ecology in driving population divergence and speciation. Assessing the relative importance of selective and neutral factors in d...

    Authors: Borja Milá, Ben H Warren, Philipp Heeb and Christophe Thébaud
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The phylogenetic position of the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii ) is particularly relevant to study the evolution of genes and gene regulation in vertebrates. Here we examine the evolution of Dlx homeobox ge...

    Authors: Ryan B MacDonald, Mélanie Debiais-Thibaud, Kyle Martin, Luc Poitras, Boon-Hui Tay, Byrappa Venkatesh and Marc Ekker
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:157
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Positions of spliceosomal introns are often conserved between remotely related genes. Introns that reside in non-conserved positions are either novel or remnants of frequent losses of introns in some evolution...

    Authors: Jörg Lehmann, Carina Eisenhardt, Peter F Stadler and Veiko Krauss
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Phylogenomic studies based on multi-locus sequence data sets are usually characterized by partial taxon coverage, in which sequences for some loci are missing for some taxa. The impact of missing data has been...

    Authors: Michael J Sanderson, Michelle M McMahon and Mike Steel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. The arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) family is divided into structurally distinct vertebrate and non-vertebrate groups. Expression of vertebrate AANATs is limited primarily to the pineal gland and retin...

    Authors: Jiri Pavlicek, Sandrine Sauzet, Laurence Besseau, Steven L Coon, Joan L Weller, Gilles Boeuf, Pascaline Gaildrat, Marina V Omelchenko, Eugene V Koonin, Jack Falcón and David C Klein
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Transcript profiling of closely related species provides a means for identifying genes potentially important in species diversification. However, the predictive value of transcript profiling for inferring down...

    Authors: Claudia Voelckel, Mehdi Mirzaei, Michael Reichelt, Zhiwei Luo, Dana Pascovici, Peter B Heenan, Silvia Schmidt, Bart Janssen, Paul A Haynes and Peter J Lockhart
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Genes involved in immune functions, including pathogen recognition and the activation of innate defense pathways, are among the most genetically variable known, and the proteins that they encode are often char...

    Authors: Marshall L Hayes, Ron I Eytan and Michael E Hellberg
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. It is hypothesized that one of the mechanisms promoting diversification in cichlid fishes in the African Great Lakes has been the well-documented pattern of philopatry along shoreline habitats leading to high ...

    Authors: Jeffrey A Markert, Robert C Schelly and Melanie LJ Stiassny
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The epidermal appendages of reptiles and birds are constructed of beta (β) keratins. The molecular phylogeny of these keratins is important to understanding the evolutionary origin of these appendages, especia...

    Authors: Matthew J Greenwold and Roger H Sawyer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Introductions of non-native tiger salamanders into the range of California tiger salamanders have provided a rare opportunity to study the early stages of secondary contact and hybridization. We produced first...

    Authors: Jarrett R Johnson, Benjamin M Fitzpatrick and H Bradley Shaffer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Uncovering how populations of a species differ genetically and ecologically is important for understanding evolutionary processes. Here we combine population genetic methods (microsatellites) with phylogenetic...

    Authors: Heike Pröhl, Santiago R Ron and Michael J Ryan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Developing lepidopteran microsatellite DNA markers can be problematical, as markers often exhibit multiple banding patterns and high frequencies of non-amplifying "null" alleles. Previous studies identified se...

    Authors: Wee Tek Tay, Gajanan T Behere, Philip Batterham and David G Heckel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. In systems where two or more species experience secondary contact, behavioural factors that regulate interspecific gene flow may be important for maintaining species boundaries and reducing the incidence of hy...

    Authors: Melanie L Lancaster, Simon D Goldsworthy and Paul Sunnucks
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Mosquito vitellogenin (Vtg) genes belong to a small multiple gene family that encodes the major yolk protein precursors required for egg production. Multiple Vtg genes have been cloned and characterized from seve...

    Authors: Song Chen, Jennifer S Armistead, Katie N Provost-Javier, Joyce M Sakamoto and Jason L Rasgon
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Acrodonta consists of Agamidae and Chamaeleonidae that have the characteristic acrodont dentition. These two families and Iguanidae sensu lato are members of infraorder Iguania. Phylogenetic relationships and his...

    Authors: Yasuhisa Okajima and Yoshinori Kumazawa
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. In the tephritids Ceratitis, Bactrocera and Anastrepha, the gene transformer provides the memory device for sex determination via its auto-regulation; only in females is functional Tra protein produced. To date, ...

    Authors: Francesca Sarno, María F Ruiz, José M Eirín-López, André LP Perondini, Denise Selivon and Lucas Sánchez
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. CC chemokine receptor proteins (CCR1 through CCR10) are seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors whose signaling pathways are known for their important roles coordinating immune system responses through...

    Authors: Kelsey J Metzger and Michael A Thomas
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. A proportion of 1/4 to 1/2 of North African female pool is made of typical sub-Saharan lineages, in higher frequencies as geographic proximity to sub-Saharan Africa increases. The Sahara was a strong geographi...

    Authors: Nourdin Harich, Marta D Costa, Verónica Fernandes, Mostafa Kandil, Joana B Pereira, Nuno M Silva and Luísa Pereira
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The secretin family is a pleotropic group of brain-gut peptides with affinity for class 2 G-protein coupled receptors (secretin family GPCRs) proposed to have emerged early in the metazoan radiation via gene o...

    Authors: João CR Cardoso, Florbela A Vieira, Ana S Gomes and Deborah M Power
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Genes involved in non-self recognition and host defence are typically capable of rapid diversification and exploit specialized genetic mechanism to that end. Fungi display a non-self recognition phenomenon ter...

    Authors: Damien Chevanne, Sven J Saupe, Corinne Clavé and Mathieu Paoletti
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Bile salts are the major end-metabolites of cholesterol and are also important in lipid and protein digestion and in influencing the intestinal microflora. We greatly extend prior surveys of bile salt diversit...

    Authors: Lee R Hagey, Nicolas Vidal, Alan F Hofmann and Matthew D Krasowski
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The Galliformes is a well-known and widely distributed Order in Aves. The phylogenetic relationships of galliform birds, especially the turkeys, grouse, chickens, quails, and pheasants, have been studied inten...

    Authors: Yong-Yi Shen, Lu Liang, Yan-Bo Sun, Bi-Song Yue, Xiao-Jun Yang, Robert W Murphy and Ya-Ping Zhang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Maximum parsimony is one of the most commonly used criteria for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Recently, Nakhleh and co-workers extended this criterion to enable reconstruction of phylogenetic networks, and d...

    Authors: Hyun Jung Park, Guohua Jin and Luay Nakhleh
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:131
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  36. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) genes, which are critical for the development and function of cilia and flagella in metazoans, are tightly regulated by the Regulatory Factor X (RFX) transcription factors (TFs)....

    Authors: Jeffrey SC Chu, David L Baillie and Nansheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. PL10 homologs exist in a wide range of eukaryotes from yeast, plants to animals. They share a DEAD motif and belong to the DEAD-box polypeptide 3 (DDX3) subfamily with a major role in RNA metabolism. The lineage-...

    Authors: Ti-Cheng Chang and Wan-Sheng Liu
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Plant circadian clocks regulate many photoperiodic and diurnal responses that are conserved among plant species. The plant circadian clock system has been uncovered in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, using...

    Authors: Naoki Takata, Shigeru Saito, Claire Tanaka Saito and Matsuo Uemura
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:126
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Characteristics derived from mutation and other mechanisms that are advantageous for survival are often preserved during evolution by natural selection. Some genes are conserved in many organisms because they ...

    Authors: Andrew S Warren, Ramu Anandakrishnan and Liqing Zhang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Species in the varied geographic topology of Taiwan underwent obvious demographic changes during glacial periods. Cinnamomum kanehirae has been exploited for timber and to obtain medicinal fungi for the past 100 ...

    Authors: Pei-Chun Liao, Dai-Chang Kuo, Chia-Chia Lin, Kuo-Chieh Ho, Tsan-Piao Lin and Shih-Ying Hwang
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:124
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Duplication and divergence of genes and genetic networks is hypothesized to be a major driver of the evolution of complexity and novel features. Here, we examine the history of genes and genetic networks in th...

    Authors: Ajna S Rivera, M Sabrina Pankey, David C Plachetzki, Carlos Villacorta, Anna E Syme, Jeanne M Serb, Angela R Omilian and Todd H Oakley
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Alternative splicing (AS) is a key molecular process that endows biological functions with diversity and complexity. Generally, functional redundancy leads to the generation of new functions through relaxation...

    Authors: Makoto K Shimada, Yosuke Hayakawa, Jun-ichi Takeda, Takashi Gojobori and Tadashi Imanishi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:122
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Two or more species are cryptic, if they are morphologically similar, biologically distinct, and misclassified as a single species. Cryptic species complexes were recently discovered within many bat species an...

    Authors: Andrzej Furman, Tomasz Postawa, Tunç Öztunç and Emrah Çoraman
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Regulation of worker behavior by dominant queens or workers is a hallmark of insect societies, but the underlying molecular mechanisms and their evolutionary conservation are not well understood. Honey bee and...

    Authors: Hagai Shpigler, Harland M Patch, Mira Cohen, Yongliang Fan, Christina M Grozinger and Guy Bloch
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:120
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Endogenous non-coding small RNAs (21-24 nt) play an important role in post-transcriptional gene regulation in plants. Domestication selection is the most important evolutionary force in shaping crop genomes. T...

    Authors: Yu Wang, Dan Shen, Shiping Bo, Huan Chen, Jian Zheng, Qian-Hao Zhu, Daguang Cai, Chris Helliwell and Longjiang Fan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:119
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. A widely-used approach for screening nuclear DNA markers is to obtain sequence data and use bioinformatic algorithms to estimate which two alleles are present in heterozygous individuals. It is common practice...

    Authors: Ryan C Garrick, Paul Sunnucks and Rodney J Dyer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:118
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. In contrast to the majority of mammalian genes, imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed with the choice of the active allele depending on its parental origin. Due to their special inheritance patterns, m...

    Authors: Barbara Hutter, Matthias Bieg, Volkhard Helms and Martina Paulsen
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:116
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. We recently characterized HAmo SINE and its partner LINE in silver carp and bighead carp based on hybridization capture of repetitive elements from digested genomic DNA in solution using a bead-probe [1]. To reve...

    Authors: Chaobo Tong, Xiaoni Gan and Shunping He
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010 10:115
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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