Reconstructing an historical pollination syndrome: keel flowers

Uluer, Deniz Aygören; Forest, Félix; Armbruster, Scott; Hawkins, Julie A.

doi:10.1186/s12862-022-02003-y

BMC Ecology and Evolution

Table 2 Fossils used to calibrate the Fabales tree

From: Reconstructing an historical pollination syndrome: keel flowers

Name	Node constrained	Fossil organ(s)	Geographic location	Age (Ma)	References
A	Fabaceae stem node	Early fossil record of Fabaceae	Various locations	60–70	[90, 92]
C	Cercis stem node	Cercis leaves and fruits	Western North America	36	[93]
D	Bauhinia stem node	Bauhinia s.l. leaves	Tanzania	46	[91, 94, 92]
E	Hymenaea stem node	Hymenaea flower	Dominican Republic	24	[90,91,92, 92]
F	Mrca of Prioria and Oxystigma	Prioria flowers	Dominican Republic	24	[91, 96, 92]
F2	Mrca of clade of Dimorphandra group	Protomimosoidea buchanensis flowers	Tennessee, USA	55	[90,91,92, 90, 92]
G	Daniellia stem node	Daniellia wood	France	53	[91, 99, 92]
H	Aphanocalyx stem node	Aphanocalyx leaves	Tanzania	46	[91, 100, 92]
I	Crudia stem node	Crudia fruits and leaflets	SE USA	45	[91, 101, 92]
I2	Stem node leading to Styphnolobium and Cladrastis	Styphnolobium and Cladrastis fruits and leaves	Tennessee, USA	40	[102, 90, 92]
J	Papilionoideae stem node	Barnebyanthus buchananensis flowers	SE USA and Wyoming, USA	55	[90,91,92, 90, 92]
J2	Genistoid crown node	Leaves and pods similar to Bowdichia and Diplotropis	Western Wyoming, USA	56	[105, 90, 92]
K	Swartzia stem node	Swartzia fruits and leaflets	SE USA	45	[91, 102, 92]
K2	Machaerium stem node	Leaflets	Northern Mississippi, USA	40	[102, 90, 92]
L	Arcoa stem node	Prosopis linearifolia leaves	Florissant Locality, USA	34	[90,91,92, 92]
L2	Mrca of Tipuana and Maraniona	Tipuana fruits	Southern Ecuador	10	[107, 90, 92]
M	Mrca of Acrocarpus	Acrocarpus fruit	SE USA	45	[91, 92]
M2	Robinia stem node	Robinia zirkelii wood	North America and Europe	34	[108, 90, 92]
N	Senna stem node	Senna fruits	SE USA and Mexico	45	[91, 109, 102, 92]
O	Caesalpinia stem node	Mezoneuron fruits	SE and W USA	45	[90,91,92, 92]
Q	Mrca of Acacieae/Ingeae	Ingeae/Acacieae fossil pollen	Egypt	45	[91, 111, 92]
R	Dinizia stem node	Eumimosoidea plumosa flowers, leaves and fruits	SE USA	45	[91, 112, 101, 92]
X	Calliandra stem node	Calliandra pollen	Argentina	16	[113, 92]
Y	Newtonia stem node	Newtonia seeds	Ethiopia	21	[114]
124	Cucurbitaceae stem node	Cucurbitospermum sheppeyense seeds	London, UK	48.6	[115, 116]
117	Fagales stem node	Archaefagacea futabensis flowers and fruits	North-eastern Honshu, Japan	87.5	[116, 117]
121	Juglandaceae plus Myricaceae stem node	Caryanthus flowers and fruits	Georgia, USA	83.5	[116, 118]
123	Betulaceae stem node	Bedellia pusilla flowers	Georgia, USA	83.5	[116, 118]
113	Rhamnaceae stem node	Coahuilanthus belindae flowers	Coahuila, Mexico	70.6	[119, 116]
115	Ulmaceae stem node	Ulmites leaves	Northern Hemisphere sediments	55.8	[116, 120]

Sources for the calibration points are provided in the table. Outgroup fossils were adopted from Magallón et al. [116]
Mrca most recent common ancestor, Ma million years ago

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ISSN: 2730-7182

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