From: Tree regeneration characteristics in limestone forests of the Cat Ba National Park, Vietnam
Factors | Acronym | Average | LLA | MSA | ISA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slope (°) | T_Sl | 17.23 ± 10.71 | 13.70 ± 9.67a | 19.02 ± 10.38b | 21.85 ± 10.62c |
Rock surface (%) | T_RS | 44.49 ± 31.62 | 22.71 ± 23.02a | 56.71 ± 22.84b | 71.99 ± 23.07c |
Elevation (m) | T_Ele | 75.33 ± 38.92 | 78.06 ± 37.02b | 66.57 ± 37.40a | 78.35 ± 42.30b |
Soil depth (cm) | S_SD | 61.78 ± 38.77 | 75.89 ± 40.24b | 51.97 ± 31.25a | 45.67 ± 32.84a |
Rock in soil (%) | S_SR | 9.59 ± 15.95 | 11.31 ± 19.83b | 10.75 ± 14.96b | 5.50 ± 3.77a |
Soil moisture (%) | S_SM | 8.98 ± 5.72 | 5.98 ± 5.26a | 11.06 ± 4.40b | 12.41 ± 4.72c |
Sand (%) | S_Sand | 31.45 ± 12.86 | 32.40 ± 11.26b | 24.75 ± 7.35a | 35.76 ± 16.55c |
Silt (%) | S_Silt | 40.10 ± 8.18 | 41.95 ± 7.35b | 41.73 ± 5.48b | 35.37 ± 9.62a |
Clay (%) | S_Clay | 28.45 ± 9.48 | 25.64 ± 10.47a | 33.52 ± 5.25c | 28.86 ± 8.61b |
Soil humus content (%) | S_SH | 3.11 ± 1.49 | 2.67 ± 1.32a | 2.76 ± 1.24a | 4.20 ± 1.44b |
pH | S_pH | 5.10 ± 0.56 | 4.79 ± 0.50a | 5.40 ± 0.53b | 5.39 ± 0.36b |
Hydrolytic acidity (mmol /100 g) | S_HA | 5.01 ± 2.11 | 5.12 ± 1.98b | 4.58 ± 1.97a | 5.20 ± 2.38b |
Cation exchange capacity (mmol / 100 g) | S_CEC | 6.92 ± 1.53 | 6.12 ± 1.43a | 7.33 ± 1.11b | 7.96 ± 1.22c |
Base saturation (%) | S_BS | 58.88 ± 11.66 | 55.34 ± 12.09a | 62.78 ± 11.11b | 61.64 ± 9.31b |
Direct site factor | L_DSF | 11.44 ± 6.19 | 10.68 ± 5.63a | 12.14 ± 7.79b | 12.15 ± 5.31b |
Indirect site factor | L_ISF | 9.17 ± 6.40 | 8.21 ± 2.75a | 10.37 ± 11.68b | 9.81 ± 3.39b |
Total site factor | L_TSF | 10.55 ± 5.95 | 9.65 ± 4.40a | 11.54 ± 9.08b | 11.25 ± 4.38b |
Openness | L_OPN | 13.70 ± 8.43 | 12.26 ± 6.23a | 14.99 ± 12.99b | 15.08 ± 5.81b |
Gap fraction | L_GF | 13.63 ± 8.36 | 12.22 ± 6.1a | 14.85 ± 12.98b | 15.04 ± 5.70b |
Leaf area index | L_LAI | 3.09 ± 0.50 | 3.12 ± 0.35b | 3.17 ± 0.71b | 2.98 ± 0.50a |
Ellipsoidal leaf area distribution | L_ELAD | 6.43 ± 2.43 | 6.18 ± 1.51a | 6.35 ± 2.70a | 6.95 ± 3.28b |
Footpaths | H_FP | 1.19 ± 0.45 | 1.25 ± 0.43b | 1.17 ± 0.57a | 1.11 ± 0.31a |
Stumps | H_STP | 0.11 ± 0.31 | 0.21 ± 0.41b | 0.02 ± 0.15a | 0.00 ± 0.00a |
Animal traps | H_AT | 0.65 ± 1.42 | 0.54 ± 1.16a | 0.33 ± 2.03b | 1.22 ± 0.95a |