Figure 6

Evolution of GATA1/1b/2/3 chromosomal regions. Evolutionary scenario leading to the expansion of the chordate GATA123 paralogon into the four GATA1, 2, 3, and 1b paralogons during two rounds of genome duplication (a). The reconstructed GATA paralogon(s) for the vertebrate ancestor is shown after the 1R genome duplication (light grey box), or the 2R genome duplication events (medium grey box). Paralogs in the 0R vertebrate genome that can be strongly inferred when present in both the GATA1/1-ogm paralogon and the GATA2/3 paralogon (represented by diamond), or when synteny is also conserved in the cephalochordate genome (downward-pointing triangle); otherwise it is not clear if these genes were translocated independently into the 1R paralogons. Changes to the paralogons from the inferred 2R state of the last common bony fish/tetrapod ancestor (medium grey box) to the extant amniote or teleost state (dark grey box) (b). Three red bars across the chromosome indicate that a larger genomic distance separates syntenic regions on the same chromosome. Paralogous gene families include the protein kinase C (PRKCQ, D), SCM-like (SFMBT1,2), 6-phosphofructo-2-kinases (PFKFB1, PFKFB2, PFKFB3, PFKFB4), ITI heavy chains (ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3, ITIH4, ITIH5, ITIH5L), calcium channel subunits (CACNA1F, CACNA1D, CACNA1S), mitochondrial translocase subunit (TIMM17A, TIMM17B), PTC-kinases (PTCK1, PTCK3), ETS domain containing (ELK1, ELK2), SEC61 transport proteins (SEC61A1, SEC61A2), opsins (Rho, OPN1MW1, OPN1MW2, OPN1LW), TMC/TEX transmembrane proteins (TEX28, Z68193.2, AC092402.4, TMCC1,2), CAM-kinases (CAMK1, CAMK1D, CAMK1G, PNCK), and coiled-helix-coiled-helix genes (CHCHD3, CHCHD6).