Figure 2

Phylogenetic distribution of character states in sex chromosome number and rDNA localization. Character optimization using parsimony was conducted separately for the number of sex chromosomes (2, 3, or 4 X chromosomes) and rDNA localization (localization on autosomes only, on the autosomes and X chromosomes, and on the heterosomes only). The tree is from Vogler et al. (2005) representing approx. 75% of the Nearctic species of Cicindela (s.l.) and species names are preceded by an abbreviated subgenus label (CDIA, Cicindelidia; CELA, Cicindela; TRIB, Tribonia; PACH, Pachydela; HABR, Habroscelimorpha; CYLI, Cylindera; ELLI, Ellipsoptera; BRAS, Brasiella). Several major groupings established in the previous phylogenetic analysis are indicated on the tree. Asterisks above the branches indicate nodes with good support (Bremer Support ≥3 and Bootstrap values ≥60%). Karyotype information is presented by symbols at the tips for all taxa represented in the current study. Different shading of branches indicates the character optimization for rDNA localization. Due to the incomplete taxon sampling it was not possible to assign the character changes to a precise branch deep in the tree, indicated by thin lines.