Figure 4From: Ecological character displacement in the face of gene flow: Evidence from two species of nightingalesVariation of PC3 residuals in allopatric and sympatric populations of nightingales. The graph shows variation of PC3 residuals where the effects of latitude and longitude are controlled for. The Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) shows greater change in PC3 residuals between sympatry and allopatry than the Thrush Nightingale (L. luscinia). Means ± 95% confidence intervals are shown.Back to article page