Figure 5
From: Old divergences in a boreal bird supports long-term survival through the Ice Ages
Dates of divergence for the main clades of Arctic Warblers compared to divergences among Nearctic and Neotropical species belonging to superspecies. Modified from [7]. Open dots represent genetic distances (GTR+Γ corrected) and approximate dates of coalescence events between closely related New World species belonging to superspecies in boreal forest, sub-boreal and neotropical lowland avifaunas. Red dots symbolize the means of the estimated ages of the Arctic Warbler clades (A--B, A/B--C), and the red vertical bars represent the 95% highest posterior density intervals (based on one sequence per main clade, GTR+Γ, fixed clock rate 0.0105/lineage/MY and birth-death model). The Pleistocene as defined by [7] is indicated by the shaded area, whereas the limit of the Pleistocene as used here (International Union of Geological Sciences) is indicated by the dashed line.