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  1. Paulinella chromatophora is a freshwater filose amoeba with photosynthetic endosymbionts (chromatophores) of cyanobacterial origin that are closely related to free-living Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus species...

    Authors: Birger Marin, Eva CM Nowack, Gernot Glöckner and Michael Melkonian
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:85
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Distinguishing the recent introduction of quinolone resistant gonococci into a population from diversification of resistant strains already in the population is important for planning effective infection contr...

    Authors: Marcos Pérez-Losada, Keith A Crandall, Margaret C Bash, Michael Dan, Jonathan Zenilman and Raphael P Viscidi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:84
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The lemurs of Madagascar provide an excellent mammalian radiation to explore mechanisms and processes favouring species diversity and evolution. Species diversity, in particular of nocturnal species, increased...

    Authors: Mathias Craul, Elke Zimmermann, Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona, Blanchard Randrianambinina and Ute Radespiel
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:83
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Female only unisexual vertebrates that reproduce by hybridogenesis show an unusual genetic composition. They are of hybrid origin but show no recombination between the genomes of their parental species. Instea...

    Authors: Christian Som, Homayoun C Bagheri and Heinz-Ulrich Reyer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:80
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The type 1 (microbial) rhodopsins are a diverse group of photochemically reactive proteins that display a broad yet patchy distribution among the three domains of life. Recent work indicates that this pattern ...

    Authors: Adrian K Sharma, David A Walsh, Eric Bapteste, Francisco Rodriguez-Valera, W Ford Doolittle and R Thane Papke
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:79
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large multimodular enzymes that synthesize a wide range of biologically active natural peptide compounds, of which many are pharmacologically important. Peptide bo...

    Authors: Christian Rausch, Ilka Hoof, Tilmann Weber, Wolfgang Wohlleben and Daniel H Huson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:78
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The rapid evolution of genital morphology is a fascinating feature that accompanies many speciation events. However, the underlying patterns and explanatory processes remain to be settled. In this work we inve...

    Authors: Ignacio M Soto, Valeria P Carreira, Juan J Fanara and Esteban Hasson
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:77
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) have been proved to be mostly correlated with the processing quality of common wheat (Triticum aestivum). But wheat cultivars have limited number of high quality H...

    Authors: Shuwei Liu, Shuangyi Zhao, Fanguo Chen and Guangmin Xia
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:76
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. The GMC oxidoreductases comprise a large family of diverse FAD enzymes that share a homologous backbone. The relationship and origin of the GMC oxidoreductase genes, however, was unknown. Recent sequencing of ...

    Authors: Kaori Iida, Diana L Cox-Foster, Xiaolong Yang, Wen-Ya Ko and Douglas R Cavener
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:75
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Evolutionary rates are not constant across the human genome but genes in close proximity have been shown to experience similar levels of divergence and selection. The higher-order organisation of chromosomes h...

    Authors: James GD Prendergast, Harry Campbell, Nick Gilbert, Malcolm G Dunlop, Wendy A Bickmore and Colin AM Semple
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:72
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The Bacteroidetes and Chlorobi species constitute two main groups of the Bacteria that are closely related in phylogenetic trees. The Bacteroidetes species are widely distributed and include many important period...

    Authors: Radhey S Gupta and Emily Lorenzini
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:71
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Maintenance of homeostasis requires that an organism perceive selected physical and chemical signals within an informationally dense environment. Functionally, an organism uses a variety of signal transduction...

    Authors: Melinda R Duplessis, Kenneth G Karol, Elinor T Adman, Lauren YS Choi, Michael A Jacobs and Rose Ann Cattolico
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:70
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis infects a broad range of arthropod and filarial nematode hosts. These diverse associations form an attractive model for understanding host:symbiont coevolution. Wolbachia's ub...

    Authors: Jeremy C Brownlie, Marcin Adamski, Barton Slatko and Elizabeth A McGraw
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:68
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Nuclear insertions of mitochondrial sequences (NuMts) have been identified in a wide variety of organisms. Trafficking of genetic material from the mitochondria to the nucleus has occurred frequently during ma...

    Authors: Sergios-Orestis Kolokotronis, Ross DE MacPhee and Alex D Greenwood
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:67
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. There has been remarkably little study of nucleotide substitution rate variation among plant nuclear genes, in part because orthology is difficult to establish. Orthology is even more problematic for intergeni...

    Authors: Leah J DeRose-Wilson and Brandon S Gaut
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:66
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The Viridiplantae (green algae and land plants) consist of two monophyletic lineages: the Chlorophyta and the Streptophyta. Most green algae belong to the Chlorophyta, while the Streptophyta include all land p...

    Authors: Sabina Wodniok, Andreas Simon, Gernot Glöckner and Burkhard Becker
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:65
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Enterobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infections such as necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteraemia, meningitis and brain abscess/lesions. When the species was defined in 1980, 15 biogrou...

    Authors: Carol Iversen, Angelika Lehner, Niall Mullane, Eva Bidlas, Ilse Cleenwerck, John Marugg, Séamus Fanning, Roger Stephan and Han Joosten
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:64
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. The metzincins are a large gene superfamily of proteases characterized by the presence of a zinc protease domain, and include the ADAM, ADAMTS, BMP1/TLL, meprin and MMP genes. Metzincins are involved in the pr...

    Authors: Julie Huxley-Jones, Toni-Kim Clarke, Christine Beck, George Toubaris, David L Robertson and Raymond P Boot-Handford
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:63
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. In plants the hormone cytokinin is perceived by members of a small cytokinin receptor family, which are hybrid sensor histidine kinases. While the immediate downstream signaling pathway is well characterized, ...

    Authors: Alexander Heyl, Klaas Wulfetange, Birgit Pils, Nicola Nielsen, Georgy A Romanov and Thomas Schmülling
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:62
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Understanding interactions between mutations and how they affect fitness is a central problem in evolutionary biology that bears on such fundamental issues as the structure of fitness landscapes and the evolut...

    Authors: Niko Beerenwinkel, Lior Pachter, Bernd Sturmfels, Santiago F Elena and Richard E Lenski
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:60
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Microorganisms and plants are able to produce tryptophan. Enzymes catalysing the last seven steps of tryptophan biosynthesis are encoded in the canonical trp operon. Among the trp genes are most frequently trpA a...

    Authors: Rainer Merkl
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:59
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Melon, Cucumis melo, and cucumber, C. sativus, are among the most widely cultivated crops worldwide. Cucumis, as traditionally conceived, is geographically centered in Africa, with C. sativus and C. hystrix thoug...

    Authors: Susanne S Renner, Hanno Schaefer and Alexander Kocyan
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:58
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Annelida comprises an ancient and ecologically important animal phylum with over 16,500 described species and members are the dominant macrofauna of the deep sea. Traditionally, two major groups are distinguis...

    Authors: Torsten H Struck, Nancy Schult, Tiffany Kusen, Emily Hickman, Christoph Bleidorn, Damhnait McHugh and Kenneth M Halanych
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:57
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Army ants are the prime arthropod predators in tropical forests, with huge colonies and an evolutionary derived nomadic life style. Five of the six recognized subgenera of Old World Dorylus army ants forage in th...

    Authors: Daniel JC Kronauer, Caspar Schöning, Lars B Vilhelmsen and Jacobus J Boomsma
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:56
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Nitrogen, a component of many bio-molecules, is essential for growth and development of all organisms. Most nitrogen exists in the atmosphere, and utilisation of this source is important as a means of avoiding...

    Authors: Christoph Kneip, Peter Lockhart, Christine Voß and Uwe-G Maier
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:55
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  35. Evolutionary processes in gene regulatory regions are major determinants of organismal evolution, but exceptionally challenging to study. We explored the possibilities of evolutionary analysis of phylogenetic ...

    Authors: Katie E Weeks, Nadia A Chuzhanova, Iain S Donnison and Ian M Scott
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:51
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Recent models suggest that escalating reciprocal selection among antagonistically interacting species is predicted to occur in areas of higher resource productivity. In a putatively coevolved interaction betwe...

    Authors: Steven G Johnson, C Darrin Hulsey and Francisco J García de León
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:50
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The synaptic cell adhesion molecules, protocadherins, are a vertebrate innovation that accompanied the emergence of the neural tube and the elaborate central nervous system. In mammals, the protocadherins are ...

    Authors: Wei-Ping Yu, Kenneth Yew, Vikneswari Rajasegaran and Byrappa Venkatesh
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:49
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The Austro-Asiatic linguistic family, which is considered to be the oldest of all the families in India, has a substantial presence in Southeast Asia. However, the possibility of any genetic link among the lin...

    Authors: Vikrant Kumar, Arimanda NS Reddy, Jagedeesh P Babu, Tipirisetti N Rao, Banrida T Langstieh, Kumarasamy Thangaraj, Alla G Reddy, Lalji Singh and Battini M Reddy
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:47
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Molecular systematics occupies one of the central stages in biology in the genomic era, ushered in by unprecedented progress in DNA technology. The inference of organismal phylogeny is now based on many indepe...

    Authors: Chenhong Li, Guillermo Ortí, Gong Zhang and Guoqing Lu
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:44
    Content type: Methodology article Published on:

  43. The function and structure of protein translocons at the outer and inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts (Toc and Tic complexes, respectively) are a subject of intensive research. One of the proteins that ha...

    Authors: Mónica Balsera, Anna Stengel, Jürgen Soll and Bettina Bölter
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:43
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Despite its pervasiveness, the genetic basis of adaptation resulting in variation directly or indirectly related to temperature (climatic) gradients is poorly understood. By using 3-fold replicated laboratory ...

    Authors: Hafid Laayouni, Francisco García-Franco, Blanca E Chávez-Sandoval, Vincenzo Trotta, Sergi Beltran, Montserrat Corominas and Mauro Santos
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:42
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. In order to obtain insights into the functionality of the human 4q35.2 domain harbouring the facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) locus, we investigated in African apes genomic and chromatin organisat...

    Authors: Beatrice Bodega, Maria Francesca Cardone, Stefan Müller, Michaela Neusser, Francesca Orzan, Elena Rossi, Elena Battaglioli, Anna Marozzi, Paola Riva, Mariano Rocchi, Raffaella Meneveri and Enrico Ginelli
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:39
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Paedocypris, a highly developmentally truncated fish from peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia, comprises the world's smallest vertebrate. Although clearly a cyprinid fish, a hypothesis about its phylogenetic pos...

    Authors: Lukas Rüber, Maurice Kottelat, Heok Hui Tan, Peter KL Ng and Ralf Britz
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:38
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The origin and evolution of the homologous GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins FtsZ typical of Bacteria and tubulin characteristic of eukaryotes is a major question in molecular evolutionary biology. Both FtsZ a...

    Authors: Benjamin Yee, Feras F Lafi, Brian Oakley, James T Staley and John A Fuerst
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:37
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Despite much empirical attention, tests for indirect benefits of mate choice have rarely considered the major components of sexual and nonsexual offspring fitness relevant to a population. Here we use a novel ...

    Authors: Howard D Rundle, Anders Ödeen and Arne Ø Mooers
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:36
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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