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  1. Published molecular phylogenies are usually based on data whose quality has not been explored prior to tree inference. This leads to errors because trees obtained with conventional methods suppress conflicting...

    Authors: Johann Wolfgang Wägele and Christoph Mayer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:147
  2. Revealing the past and present demographic history of populations is of high importance to evaluate the conservation status of species. Demographic data can be obtained by direct monitoring or by analysing dat...

    Authors: Péter Szövényi, Zsófia Hock, Jakob J Schneller and Zoltán Tóth
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:144
  3. In spite of the recent accumulation of genomic data, the evolutionary pathway in the individual genes of present-day living taxa is still elusive for most genes. Among ion channels, inward K+ rectifier (IRK) chan...

    Authors: Motoko Tanaka-Kunishima, Yoshihiro Ishida, Kunitaro Takahashi, Motoo Honda and Takashi Oonuma
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:143
  4. While genes that are conserved between related bacterial species are usually thought to have evolved along with the species, phylogenetic trees reconstructed for individual genes may contradict this picture an...

    Authors: Pierre Nicolas, Philippe Bessières, S Dusko Ehrlich, Emmanuelle Maguin and Maarten van de Guchte
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:141
  5. Science curricula and teachers should emphasize evolution in a manner commensurate with its importance as a unifying concept in science. The concept of adaptation represents a first step to understand the resu...

    Authors: Roberto Guidetti, Laura Baraldi, Caterina Calzolai, Lorenza Pini, Paola Veronesi and Aurora Pederzoli
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S13

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  6. Ethnic minorities in Northern Thailand, often referred to as Hill Tribes, are considered an ideal model to study the different genetic impact of sex-specific migration rates expected in matrilocal (women remain i...

    Authors: Davide Besaggio, Silvia Fuselli, Metawee Srikummool, Jatupol Kampuansai, Loredana Castrì, Chris Tyler-Smith, Mark Seielstad, Daoroong Kangwanpong and Giorgio Bertorelle
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S12

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  7. The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of New World monkeys (Platyrrhini) are difficult to distinguish on the basis of morphology and because diagnostic fossils are rare. Recently, molecular data have le...

    Authors: Francesca Dumas, Roscoe Stanyon, Luca Sineo, Gary Stone and Francesca Bigoni
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S11

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  8. Genetically based body size differences are naturally occurring in populations of Drosophila melanogaster, with bigger flies in the cold. Despite the cosmopolitan nature of body size clines in more than one Droso...

    Authors: Vincenzo Trotta, Federico CF Calboli, Marcello Ziosi and Sandro Cavicchi
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S10

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  9. Bdelloid rotifers are the most common and abundant group of animals that reproduce by ameiotic parthenogenesis, only. They are common in temporally ephemeral habitats, and it is unclear if they dwell in unstab...

    Authors: Claudia Ricci, Manuela Caprioli and Diego Fontaneto
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S9

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  10. The phylogeny of Arthropoda is still a matter of harsh debate among systematists, and significant disagreement exists between morphological and molecular studies. In particular, while the taxon joining hexapod...

    Authors: Antonio Carapelli, Pietro Liò, Francesco Nardi, Elizabeth van der Wath and Francesco Frati
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S8

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  11. Doubly Uniparental Inheritance (DUI) represents the most outstanding exception to matrilinear inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), typical of Metazoa. In a few bivalve mollusks, two sex-linked mtDNAs (the...

    Authors: Marco Passamonti
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S7

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  12. Phylogeographic analyses on the Western Euroasiatic Fagus taxa (F. orientalis, F. sylvatica, F. taurica and F. moesiaca) is available, however, the subdivision of Fagus spp. is unresolved and there is no consensu...

    Authors: Donatella Paffetti, Cristina Vettori, David Caramelli, Cristiano Vernesi, Martina Lari, Arturo Paganelli, Ladislav Paule and Raffaello Giannini
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S6

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  13. During the HIV infection several quasispecies of the virus arise, which are able to use different coreceptors, in particular the CCR5 and CXCR4 coreceptors (R5 and X4 phenotypes, respectively). The switch in c...

    Authors: Luca Sguanci, Franco Bagnoli and Pietro Liò
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S5

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  14. Histidine biosynthesis is one of the best characterized anabolic pathways. There is a large body of genetic and biochemical information available, including operon structure, gene expression, and increasingly ...

    Authors: Renato Fani, Matteo Brilli, Marco Fondi and Pietro Lió
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S4

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  15. It is generally assumed that primordial cells had small genomes with simple genes coding for enzymes able to react with a wide range of chemically related substrates, interconnecting different metabolic routes...

    Authors: Marco Fondi, Matteo Brilli, Giovanni Emiliani, Donatella Paffetti and Renato Fani
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S3

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  16. The hypothesis of an RNA-based origin of life, known as the "RNA world", is strongly affected by the hostile environmental conditions probably present in the early Earth. In particular, strong UV and X-ray rad...

    Authors: Elisa Biondi, Sergio Branciamore, Marie-Christine Maurel and Enzo Gallori
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S2

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  17. The simplest molecules grouping the four most common elements of the universe H,C,O and N (with the exception of the biologically inert He) are isocyanate HNCO and formamide H2NCOH. Reasons for the availability o...

    Authors: Giovanna Costanzo, Raffaele Saladino, Claudia Crestini, Fabiana Ciciriello and Ernesto Di Mauro
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7(Suppl 2):S1

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 7 Supplement 2

  18. The importance of vicariance events on the establishment of phylogeographic patterns in the marine environment is well documented, and generally accepted as an important cause of cladogenesis. Founder dispersa...

    Authors: Peter R Teske, Healy Hamilton, Conrad A Matthee and Nigel P Barker
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:138
  19. Cichlid fishes are notorious for their wealth of intra- and interspecific colour pattern diversity. In Lake Tanganyika, the endemic genus Tropheus represents the most impressive example for geographic variation i...

    Authors: Bernd Egger, Stephan Koblmüller, Christian Sturmbauer and Kristina M Sefc
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:137
  20. It has long been known that rates of synonymous substitutions are unusually low in mitochondrial genes of flowering and other land plants. Although two dramatic exceptions to this pattern have recently been re...

    Authors: Jeffrey P Mower, Pascal Touzet, Julie S Gummow, Lynda F Delph and Jeffrey D Palmer
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:135
  21. The construction of robust and well resolved phylogenetic trees is important for our understanding of many, if not all biological processes, including speciation and origin of higher taxa, genome evolution, me...

    Authors: Eiko E Kuramae, Vincent Robert, Carlos Echavarri-Erasun and Teun Boekhout
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:134
  22. Considerable attention has focused on how selection on dispersal and other core life-history strategies (reproductive effort, survival ability, colonization capacity) may lead to so-called dispersal syndromes....

    Authors: Else J Fjerdingstad, Nicolas Schtickzelle, Pauline Manhes, Arnaud Gutierrez and Jean Clobert
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:133
  23. Molecular lock-and-key systems are common among reproductive proteins, yet their evolution remains a major puzzle in evolutionary biology. In the Brassicaceae, the genes encoding self-incompatibility have been...

    Authors: Vincent Castric and Xavier Vekemans
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:132
  24. The dusky dolphin (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) is distributed along temperate, coastal regions of New Zealand, South Africa, Argentina, and Peru where it feeds on schooling anchovy, sardines, and other small fishes ...

    Authors: April D Harlin-Cognato, Tim Markowitz, Bernd Würsig and Rodney L Honeycutt
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:131
  25. Analyses of complete genomes and large collections of gene transcripts have shown that most, if not all seed plants have undergone one or more genome duplications in their evolutionary past.

    Authors: Stefan A Rensing, Julia Ick, Jeffrey A Fawcett, Daniel Lang, Andreas Zimmer, Yves Van de Peer and Ralf Reski
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:130

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Evolutionary Biology 2016 16:184

  26. Development, differentiation and physiology of metazoans all depend on cell to cell communication and subsequent intracellular signal transduction. Often, these processes are orchestrated via sites of speciali...

    Authors: Aartjan JW te Velthuis, Jeroen F Admiraal and Christoph P Bagowski
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:129
  27. The lancelet Asymmetron inferum (subphylum Cephalochordata) was recently discovered on the ocean floor off the southwest coast of Japan at a depth of 229 m, in an anaerobic and sulfide-rich environment caused by ...

    Authors: Takeshi Kon, Masahiro Nohara, Yusuke Yamanoue, Yoshihiro Fujiwara, Mutsumi Nishida and Teruaki Nishikawa
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:127
  28. Aging refers to a decline in reproduction and survival with increasing age. According to evolutionary theory, aging evolves because selection late in life is weak and mutations exist whose deleterious effects ...

    Authors: Martin Ackermann, Alexandra Schauerte, Stephen C Stearns and Urs Jenal
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:126
  29. Molecular evolution is usually described assuming a neutral or weakly non-neutral substitution model. Recently, new data have become available on evolution of sequence regions under a selective pressure, e.g. ...

    Authors: Farida N Enikeeva, Ekaterina A Kotelnikova, Mikhail S Gelfand and Vsevolod J Makeev
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:125
  30. The geographic and ethnolinguistic differentiation of many African Y-chromosomal lineages provides an opportunity to evaluate human migration episodes and admixture processes, in a pan-continental context. The...

    Authors: Alexandra Rosa, Carolina Ornelas, Mark A Jobling, António Brehm and Richard Villems
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:124
  31. The mitochondrial genomes of snakes are characterized by an overall evolutionary rate that appears to be one of the most accelerated among vertebrates. They also possess other unusual features, including short...

    Authors: Zhi J Jiang, Todd A Castoe, Christopher C Austin, Frank T Burbrink, Matthew D Herron, Jimmy A McGuire, Christopher L Parkinson and David D Pollock
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:123
  32. Colonial invertebrates such as corals exhibit nested levels of modularity, imposing a challenge to the depiction of their morphological evolution. Comparisons among diverse Caribbean gorgonian corals suggest d...

    Authors: Juan A Sánchez, Catalina Aguilar, Daniel Dorado and Nelson Manrique
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:122
  33. The Class I cytokine receptors have a wide range of actions, including a major role in the development and function of immune and blood cells. However, the evolution of the genes encoding them remains poorly u...

    Authors: Clifford Liongue and Alister C Ward
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:120
  34. Onychophora (velvet worms) represent the most basal arthropod group and play a pivotal role in the current discussion on the evolution of nervous systems and segmentation in arthropods. Although there is a wea...

    Authors: Georg Mayer and Steffen Harzsch
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:118
  35. Helicoverpa armigera and H. zea are amongst the most significant polyphagous pest lepidopteran species in the Old and New Worlds respectively. Separation of H. armigera and H. zea is difficult and is usually only...

    Authors: Gajanan T Behere, Wee Tek Tay, Derek A Russell, David G Heckel, Belinda R Appleton, Keshav R Kranthi and Philip Batterham
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:117
  36. Termites of the subfamily Macrotermitinae live in a mutualistic symbiosis with basidiomycete fungi of the genus Termitomyces. Here, we explored interaction specificity in fungus-growing termites using samples fro...

    Authors: Duur K Aanen, Vera ID Ros, Henrik H de Fine Licht, Jannette Mitchell, Z Wilhelm de Beer, Bernard Slippers, Corinne Rouland-LeFèvre and Jacobus J Boomsma
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:115
  37. Action potential generation in excitable cells such as myocytes and neurons critically depends on voltage-gated sodium channels. In mammals, sodium channels exist as macromolecular complexes that include a por...

    Authors: Sameer S Chopra, Hiroshi Watanabe, Tao P Zhong and Dan M Roden
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:113
  38. In contrast to DNA-mediated transposable elements (TEs), retrotransposons, particularly non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons (non-LTRs), are generally considered to have a much lower propensity towards ho...

    Authors: James K Biedler and Zhijian Tu
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:112
  39. The biosynthesis of aflatoxin (AF) involves over 20 enzymatic reactions in a complex polyketide pathway that converts acetate and malonate to the intermediates sterigmatocystin (ST) and O-methylsterigmatocystin (...

    Authors: Ignazio Carbone, Jorge H Ramirez-Prado, Judy L Jakobek and Bruce W Horn
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:111
  40. RNA molecules, through their dual appearance as sequence and structure, represent a suitable model to study evolutionary properties of quasispecies. The essential ingredient in this model is the differentiatio...

    Authors: Michael Stich, Carlos Briones and Susanna C Manrubia
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:110
  41. Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are key components of ribosomes, the cellular organelle responsible for protein biosynthesis in cells. Their levels can vary as a function of organism growth and development; however, ...

    Authors: Manuel Manchado, Carlos Infante, Esther Asensio, Jose Pedro Cañavate and Susan E Douglas
    Citation: BMC Evolutionary Biology 2007 7:107

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