Positive selection-driven fixation of a hominin-specific amino acid mutation related to dephosphorylation in IRF9

Table 3 The SCANSITE 4.0 prediction of phosphorylation sites and potential kinases around the orthologous region of the ancestral Ser129 for two outgroup species that do not have the ancestral Ser129 (see Fig. 3)

Species	IRF9 site	Sequence	Potential kinases
Human_V129 (reference)	V129	PGTQK[V]PSKRQ	None
Human_V129 (reference)	T348	PKFQVTLNFWE	NEK1/NEK3
Human_V129S (ancestral)	S129	PGTQK[S]PSKRQ	CDK1/CDK5
Human_V129S (ancestral)	T348	PKFQVTLNFWE	NEK1/NEK3
Rat	S129	PRNQK[S]PEKRS	CDK1/CDK5
	T215	YSLLLTFIYGG	NEK5
	T354	PSSSHTQENLI	PRKDC
Megabat	P307	ISWSAPQAPPG	ABL1
Megabat	T352	PKFQVTLNFWE	NEK1/NEK3
Orangutan	T347	PKFQVTLNFWE	NEK1/NEK3

The amino acids highlighted by brackets correspond to the ancestral Ser129 and human Val129, while underlined amino acids show other sites with phosphorylation signals. The human pseudo-mutant to the ancestral state is named “Human_V129S”, which is a reverse mutation from Val129 to Ser129 (hereafter referred to as V129S)

ISSN: 2730-7182