Fig. 1

Illustration of the three mating treatments. The mating treatments manipulated the number of available mates per female. a No mating treatment: one female and no males; b monogamy treatment: one female and two males (only one male available for copulation); c polyandry treatment: one female and two males (both available for copulation). The small rectangular box in the home container depicts the perforated container used to physically isolate the additional male in the monogamy treatment (in both no mating and polyandry treatments, these containers were empty). Experiment 1 employed only two treatments (monogamy vs. polyandry), whereas Experiment 2 employed all three treatments