Fig. 1
From: A second view on the evolution of flight in stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea)
Photographs of various phasmatodean representatives with different wing states. Taxa may be wingless (apterous), short-winged and flightless (micropterous/brachypterous) or long-winged and presumably volant (macropterous). A Wingless couple of Oreophoetes peruana. B Wingless couple of Eurycantha insularis. C Female of Pseudodiacantha macklotti (brachypterous). D Female of Phaenopharos khaoyaiensis (micropterous/brachypterous). E and F Close-up of winglets of Phaenopharos sp. (micropterous/brachypterous). The conspicuous colouration is only visible when wings are opened presenting a startle display. G Female of Anarchodes annulipes (macropterous). The wing membranes exhibit a warning colouration to be used in startle displays. H Female of Metriophasma diocles (macropterous). The opened wings show the long hindwing and the for phasmatodeans typical shortened forewing. l Sexual size and wing dimorphism in a couple of Extatosoma tiaratum with brachypterous female on the left and macropterous male on the right. Photos by Bruno Kneubühler and Christoph Seiler