Fig. 4

Dental complexity of the three dinosaur clades: ornithischians, theropods, and sauropods. Theropods are characterized by uniformly low dental complexities, similar to extant carnivorous saurians. Sauropods, the largest herbivores to ever walk the Earth, also possess simple teeth, in stark contrast to living herbivores. Ornithischians exhibit much higher tooth complexities, which resemble the patterns observed in modern herbivorous amniotes. Data are derived from average dental complexity of each genus. For box and whisker plots, the median is designated by a horizontal line, boxes encompass 25–75 % quartiles, whereas upper and lower quartiles are shown with vertical lines (i.e. whiskers). Silhouettes courtesy of S. Abramowicz and phylopic.org