Fig. 2From: Evolution of mechanisms controlling epithelial morphogenesis across animals: new insights from dissociation-reaggregation experiments in the sponge Oscarella lobularisExperimental strategy for the time course study of cell-dissociation and reaggregation processes in the homoscleromorph sponge Oscarella lobularis. A Budding adults first show an irregular surface where tissue swellings detach as buds [40, 48, 120]. B A single free bud harbors tissues highly similar to the adult tissues, their transparency and availability in high number are convenient for experiments [120]. C Clonal buds from one adult were put in Calcium-Magnesium-Free Sea Water (CMFSW) to initiate cell dissociation. After 4Â h of dissociation buds were placed back into Natural Sea Water (NSW) to initiate reaggregation. Samples were collected at different times for imaging (Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Light confocal Microscopy (LM)) and RNA-sequencing. Abbreviated as follows: 1Â h (1hD) and 4Â h (4hD) of dissociation and 1Â h (1hR), 3Â h (3hR) and 24Â h (24hR) of reaggregationBack to article page