Fig. 2From: Mitochondrial-nuclear coadaptation revealed through mtDNA replacements in Saccharomyces cerevisiaeGenetic distance influences the effect of mitonuclear interactions. a. All possible mtDNA exchanges among strains with clean (non-mosaic) lineages. Significant mitonuclear epistasis was expected to result from mtDNA exchange between two strains from different subpopulations (red solid lines), but not from mtDNA exchanges within a subpopulation (dark gray dotted lines). b. Frequencies of significant mitonuclear epistasis within and between clades. (see Table S9 for exact numbers). c. Mitonuclear effect sizes were significantly different in 4 conditions. Between clade mtDNA exchanges (red) often resulted in stronger epistatic effects (ΔΔ) than within clade exchanges (dark gray). ΔΔ = ∣(ΔnDNAi/mtDNAi→nDNAi/mtDNAj) – (ΔnDNAj/mtDNAi→ nDNAj/mtDNAj) ∣; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.005Back to article page