Table 1 Cephalic musculature of the larvae of Chrysopa pallens (Rambur, 1838)
Muscle Abb./No. | Origin | Insertion | Presumed function |
|---|---|---|---|
Labrum/2 | |||
 0 lb1 | Mesally on the frons | Mesally on the basal wall of the labrum | levator of labrum |
 0 lb2 | Laterally on the frons | tormae | levator of labrum |
Antenna/4 | |||
 0an1 | dorsal tentorial arms | Anterior antennal base (ventral) | depressor and flexor of antenna |
 0an2 | dorsal tentorial arms | Posterior antennal base (dorsal) | levator of antenna |
 0an3 | dorsal tentorial arms | Lateral antennal basal margin |  |
 0an4 | dorsal tentorial arms | Mesal antennal basal margin |  |
Mandible/3 | |||
 0md1 | Posterior, lateral, and dorsal parts of the head capsule | Tendon that inserts at the median edge of the mandible | adductor of mandible |
 0md3 | Lateral, ventral, and dorsal parts of the head capsule | Tendon that inserts at the lateral edge of the mandible | abductor of mandible |
 0md8 | anterior tentorial arms | Mediodorsal wall of the mandibular cavity | adductor of mandible |
Maxilla/6 | |||
 0mx2 | Ventrolateral, anterolateral parts of the head capsule | Basal part of the maxilla stylet | adductor of maxilla stylet |
 0mx3 | Proximal part of anterior tentorial arms | Cardo | protractor of maxilla |
 0mx4 | Proximal part of the anterior tentorial arms | Anterior part of stipes | protractor of maxilla |
 0mx5 | Anterior tentorial arms, anterior to the 0mx4 | posterior part of stipes | protractor of maxilla |
 0mx6 | stipes | Basal edge of the maxilla stylet | adductor of lacinia |
 imm | Basal part (dorsal) of the maxilla stylet | Basal part (ventral) of the maxilla stylet |  |
Labium/3 | |||
 0la5 | Posterior tentorial arms | Posterolateral part of the prementum | adductor of praementum |
 0la8 | Posterior region of the mentum | Posterior edge of the prementum | retractor of praementum |
 0la14 | Anterior edge of the prementum | Basal part of the labial palp | levator of labial palp |
Epipharynx/2 | |||
 0ci1 | clypeus | Roof of the cibarium | dilatator ofcibarium |
 0bu1 | Postclypeus | Roof of the bucca | dilator of buccal cavity |
Hypopharynx/1 | |||
 0hy3 | Posterolateral part of the head capsule | Anterolateral part of hypopharynx | levator of the hypopharynx |
Pharynx/10 | |||
 0bu2 | Middle region of the frons | Dorsal buccal wall | dilator of pharynx |
 0bu3 | Frons, posterior to the 0bu2 | Dorsal buccal wall | dilator of pharynx |
 0bu4 | anterior tentorial arms | Lateral wall of the bucca | dilator of pharynx |
 0bu5 | Tentorial bridge | Ventral wall of the bucca | dilator of pharynx |
 0bu6 | Tentorial bridge | Ventral wall of the bucca | dilator of pharynx |
 prhy | Lateral region of the prementum | Anterior region of the ventral bucca | dilator of pharynx |
 0 ph 1 | Posterior region of vertex | Dorsal wall the pharynx |  |
 0 ph 2 | Posterior tentorial arms | Ventral and lateral region of the pharynx | dilator of pharynx |
 0st1 | Ring muscle layer that covers the entire pharynx |  | constrictor of the pharynx |
 0st2 | Longitudinal muscle layer directly above musculus annularis stomodaei |  | constrictor of the pharynx |