Table 3 Results of the first set of analyses. Procrustes distances and MANOVAs were used to compare pathological H. sapiens vertebrae with healthy H. sapiens and P. troglodytes vertebrae. Procrustes distances were generated from PCs that accounted for ≥95% of the shape variance. These PCs were also used in the MANOVAs. Analyses are grouped on the basis of vertebral type and arranged by the types’ position in the vertebral column. PCs = Number of retained PCs plus the percentage of shape variance they explain. PD = Procrustes distance
Vertebra | PCs | Comparison | PD | MANOVA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Penultimate thoracic | 1–23 (94.9%) | Pathological H. sapiens vs Healthy H. sapiens Pathological H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes Healthy H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes | 0.0319 0.0207 0.0479 | λ 0.593, F = 2.476, p = 0.001* λ 0.788, F = 0.645, p = 0.876 λ 0.411, F = 4.361, p < 0.0001* |
Final Thoracic | 1–39 (94.9%) | Pathological H. sapiens vs Healthy H. sapiens Pathological H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes Healthy H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes | 0.0295 0.0250 0.0401 | λ 0.554, F = 1.610, p = 0.038* λ 0.640, F = 0.677, p = 0.984 λ 0.453, F = 1.889, p = 0.013* |
First Lumbar | 1–24 (94.6%) | Pathological H. sapiens vs Healthy H. sapiens Pathological H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes Healthy H. sapiens vs P. troglodytes | 0.0247 0.0305 0.0474 | λ 0.536, F = 1.753, p = 0.020* λ 0.518, F = 7.29, p = 0.819 λ 0.466, F = 2.295, p < 0.001* |