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Fig. 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 3

From: Geographic isolation and climatic variability contribute to genetic differentiation in fragmented populations of the long-lived subalpine conifer Pinus cembra L. in the western Alps

Fig. 3

Results of Barrier analysis of genetic discontinuities among, and structure of, the 22 cembra pine (Pinus cembra) populations: a Genetic delimitations in the spatial distribution of populations, visualized with red lines with indicated bootstrap support (%). b Estimated population structures for K = 2, K = 3 and K = 4 genetic groups, based on Mean L(K) (±SD) and ΔK values. Population abbreviations are as explained in Table 1. The natural distribution of cembra pine according to the EUFORGEN (2018) database is marked in dark green

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