Fig. 5

Estimated inactivation times in ENAM versus ODAM. a) Manis spp. (pangolins). b) Orycteropus afer (aardvark). c) Pilosa (anteaters, sloths) and Dasypus novemcinctus (nine-banded armadillo). Inactivation dates are mean values based on eight different combinations of two different codon models in codeml (CF1, CF2), fixed (1.0) versus estimated values for the dN/dS value on fully pseudogenic branches, and equations that permit for one versus two synonymous substitution rates [23]. Manis tricuspis is missing from the ODAM data set and M. javanica was not included in Meredith et al.’s [23] ENAM data set