Table 5 Traits associated with seed size for species of Plukenetia and outgroup genera (arranged by size). DDF = dry deciduous forest; ERF = evergreen rain forest; SMF = seasonal moist forest
Species/ species group | Sub-clade | Biome | Habitat | Growth form | Stem size | Fruit type | Seed size category | Seedling ecology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P. polyadenia | P3 | ERF | Lowland forest; riparian forest | Canopy liana | Thick | Fleshy | Max | Shade |
P. conophora | P4 | ERF, SMF | Lowland forest | Canopy liana | Thick | Fleshy | XL | Shade |
P. lehmanniana | P3 | ERF, SMF | Lowland to montane forest edges, light gaps | Slender to robust liana | Thick | Fleshy | XL | Light gap |
P. huayllabambana | P3 | ERF, SMF | Montane forest edges, ravines, light gaps | Slender to robust liana | Thick | Dry | XL | Light gap |
P. carabiasiae | P3 | ERF | Montane forest | Canopy liana | Thick | Dry | XL | Shade |
P. cf. carolis-vegae | P3 | ERF, SMF | Montane forest edges, ravines, light gaps | Slender to robust liana | Thick | Dry | XL | Light gap |
P. serrata | P1 | SMF | Pre-montane to montane forest edges | Slender to robust liana | Thick | Fleshy | L | Light gap |
Madagascan species | P5 | DDF | Forest on limestone or sand; spiny forest scrub | Robust liana | Thick | Dry | L | Light gap |
P. volubilis | P3 | ERF, SMF, (semi-humid savanna) | Lowland to pre-montane forest edges, ravines, light gaps (seasonally flooded savanna woodland) | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | (M) L | Light gap |
P. stipellata | P3 | ERF, SMF | Lowland forest edges, light gaps | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | M | Light gap |
P. corniculata | P5 | ERF, SMF | Lowland forest edges, light gaps | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | M | Light gap |
P. supraglandulosa | P2 | SMF | Lowland to submontane forest edges, light gaps | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | M | Light gap |
P. cf. penninervia | P2 | EMF | Lowland pluvial forest edges, light gaps | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | M | Light gap |
P. africana | P5 | Semi-arid savanna | Savanna woodland on sandy soil | Vine with thick rootstock | Thin | Dry | S–M | Light gap |
NWSG2 pro parte (excluding P. cf. penninervia, P. serrata, P. supraglandulosa) | P2 | ERF, SMF, (DDF) | Lowland to pre-montane (montane) forest edges, rocky outcrops, light gaps; white sand forest | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | S | Light gap |
Romanoa | n/a | SMF | Semi-deciduous lowland forest, rocky outcrops, light gaps; stony soil caatinga | Vine to slender liana | Thin | Dry | S | Light gap |
Haematostemon | n/a | ERF | Lowland forest; riparian forest | Small tree/ shrub | Thin | Dry | S | Light gap |