Fig. 3

Ancestral range estimation on the Plukenetia BEAST chronogram using BioGeoBEARS (DEC + J model). Areas of tip species are shown left of taxa names, color-coded for the six biogeographical areas depicted on the map inset. Boxes at each node and corner are color-coded for the area (or combined area, up to two allowed) with the highest maximum likelihood probability. Pie charts indicate the probability of each area and are included when there is < 75% confidence for a single area. Numbers at each node indicate mean age estimates, blue bars the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) confidence interval, and yellow bars the 95% HPD of calibrated nodes estimated under constraint. Arrows on the map indicate the general direction of range movement in Plukenetia; dashed lines indicate area reversals