Fig. 6From: Alpha shapes: determining 3D shape complexity across morphologically diverse structuresA comparison of four metrics for quantifying topographic shape complexity, as applied to carnivore bacula. a, alpha-shapes (displays 1/refinement coefficient, such that lower values indicate less complex shapes, in line with other metrics); b, dissection index (DI); c, fractal dimension (FD) estimated using box-counting; d, Dirichlet normal energy (DNE) calculated from surface meshBack to article page