Multiple refugia from penultimate glaciations in East Asia demonstrated by phylogeography and ecological modelling of an insect pest

Table 1 Genetic diversity of the Grapholita molesta populations

Group	Population	He	Ho	A _R	NAF	F _IS	S	Hd	Pi
YN	YNPE	0.393	0.256	2.793	0.113	0.357	18	0.426	0.002
YN	YNBS	0.559	0.354	3.444	0.135	0.372	18	0.757	0.002
YN	YNHH	0.513	0.362	3.156	0.099	0.301	2	0.368	0.000
YN	YNQJ	0.546	0.348	3.550	0.129	0.369	1	0.833	0.000
YN	YNKM	0.528	0.356	3.540	0.128	0.331	4	0.678	0.001
SC	SCCD	0.683	0.287	5.129	0.226	0.586	11	0.891	0.003
SC	SCNC	0.696	0.363	5.191	0.194	0.484	24	0.790	0.003
SC	SCBZ	0.627	0.359	4.733	0.154	0.434	19	0.706	0.003
SC	SCGY	0.661	0.344	4.979	0.183	0.488	29	0.944	0.006
AM	GDGZ	0.451	0.207	2.819	0.156	0.547	6	0.377	0.001
AM	GXNN	0.552	0.346	3.550	0.131	0.38	11	0.726	0.001
AM	GZGY	0.623	0.257	4.532	0.216	0.594	26	0.982	0.005
AM	GSTS	0.562	0.340	3.832	0.147	0.402	16	0.881	0.004
AM	QHHD	0.567	0.309	3.696	0.166	0.463	12	0.236	0.001
NE	HNCS	0.561	0.294	3.676	0.154	0.488	21	0.894	0.004
NE	FJND	0.562	0.308	4.144	0.154	0.458	10	0.889	0.002
NE	ZJNB	0.602	0.269	4.108	0.196	0.56	11	0.771	0.001
NE	SXYA	0.566	0.294	3.958	0.165	0.486	18	0.841	0.002
NE	SDQD	0.499	0.279	3.589	0.136	0.449	10	0.810	0.001
NE	BJPG	0.519	0.333	3.882	0.124	0.363	11	0.830	0.002
NE	LNSY	0.489	0.301	3.525	0.120	0.390	8	0.685	0.001

He expected heterozygosity, Ho observed heterozygosity, A_R allele richness, NAF null allele frequency, F_IS inbreeding coefficients, S number of polymorphic (segregating) sites, Hd haplotype diversity; Pi, nucleotide diversity. The underlined numbers are the top five values of A_R and Hd in all populations

ISSN: 2730-7182