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Table 2 Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) for D. galeata populations, based on microsatellites and mtDNA, respectively. Between-region (i.e. Eastern China and Central Europe) variation is estimated in relation to within-region and within-population components

From: Cytonuclear diversity and shared mitochondrial haplotypes among Daphnia galeata populations separated by seven thousand kilometres

Marker type

Source of variation

DF

Explained variation (%)

P

Microsatellites

Between regions

1

32.80

<  0.001

Among populations (within region)

23

18.91

<  0.001

Among individuals (within population)

1983

48.29

<  0.001

mtDNA

Between regions

1

71.67

<  0.005

Among populations (within region)

22

12.62

<  0.001

Among individuals (within population)

230

15.71

<  0.001