Fig. 4

Different types of outcomes observed in the individual simulations: (i) no-signalling: white; (ii) honest signalling: green; (iii) cheating equilibria: orange. 36S and 8S denotes seeding with random initial strategy distribution and seeding with the eight strategies used by Szalai & Számadó [25] respectively; finally, SS09 denotes the pay-offs used by Szalai & Számadó [25]; while H13 denotes the pay-offs used by Helgesen et al. [42]