From: Musculoskeletal networks reveal topological disparity in mammalian neck evolution
Order | Species | M1 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afrosoricida | Chrysospalax trevelyani | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Micropotamogale ruwenzorii | cranio-atlantal | midcervciala | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Carnivora | Canis lupus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervical | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic |
Civettictis civetta | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Felis silvestris | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic | |
Galictis cuja | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic | |
Zalophus californianus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Cetartiodactyla | Babyrousa babyrussa | cranio-atlantal humeral | midcervical | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | scapular |
Bos taurus | cranio-atlantal humeral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | scapular | |
Camelus bactrianus | cranio-atlantal | midcervical | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Giraffa camelopardalis | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial-pectoral | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic | |
Kogia breviceps | cranio-atlantal costal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Chiroptera | Pteropus vampyrus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventro-pectoral | Â |
Vespertilio murinus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventro-pectoral | Â | |
Cingulata | Dasypus novemcinctus | cranio-atlantal axial | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic |
Dasyuromorpha | Sarcophilus harrisii | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral |
Didelphimorphia | Didelphis virginiana | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Diprotodontia | Macropus rufus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventrald | Â |
Phascolarctos cinereus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Trichosurus vulpecula | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Eulipotyphla | Erinaceus europaeus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Scalopus aquaticus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Suncus murinus | atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | cranio-ventro-pectoral | costal | |
Hyracoidea | Procavia capensis | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic |
Lagomorpha | Oryctolagus cuniculus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalb | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Monotremata | Ornithorhynchus anatinus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventro-pectoral | Â |
Tachyglossus aculeatus | cranio-atlantal axial | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Notoryctemorphia | Notoryctes typhlops | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventro-pectoral | thoracic |
Paucituberculata | Caenolestes fuliginosus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalc | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Peramelemorphia | Macrotis lagotis | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervciala | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Perissodactyla | Equus caballus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic |
Tapirus indicus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic | |
Pholidota | Manis pentadactyla | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalb | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Pilosa | Bradypus tridactylus | cranio-atlantal | upper midcervical | lower midcervical | ventro-clavicular | lower cervical - thoracic scapular |
Choloepus didactylus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Cyclopes didactylus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial - thoracic | lower cervical C5&rest | ventral | pectoral | |
Primates | Homo sapiens | cranio-atlantal | midcervicalb | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral |
Loris tardigradus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervciala | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | thoracic | |
Macaca mulatta | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalc | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | costal | |
Proboscidea | Elephas maximus | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalc | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Rodentia | Chinchilla lanigera | cranio-atlantal scapular | midcervical | lower cervical | ventro-clavicular | thoracic |
Heteromys desmarestianus | cranio-atlantal | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | pectoral | |
Neotoma fuscipes | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervical | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Pedetes capensis | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervciala | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â | |
Sciurus vulgaris | cranio-atlantal scapular | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventro-clavicular | Â | |
Scandentia | Ptilocercus lowii | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |
Sirenia | Dugong dugon | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervcial | lower cervical | ventral | thoracic |
Tubulidentata | Orycteropus afer | cranio-atlantal pectoral | midcervicalb | lower cervical - thoracic | ventral | Â |