Musculoskeletal networks reveal topological disparity in mammalian neck evolution

Arnold, Patrick; Esteve-Altava, Borja; Fischer, Martin S.

doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1101-1

BMC Ecology and Evolution

Table 2 Network parameters of the musculoskeletal organization of the neck of 48 mammalian species

From: Musculoskeletal networks reveal topological disparity in mammalian neck evolution

Order	Species	N	K	D	C	L	H	P
Afrosoricida	Chrysospalax trevelyani	112	328	0.053	0.456	2.81	1.448	0.820
Afrosoricida	Micropotamogale ruwenzorii	108	329	0.057	0.482	2.771	1.449	0.784
Carnivora	Canis lupus	123	368	0.049	0.351	2.714	1.529	0.784
	Civettictis civetta	113	357	0.056	0.468	2.706	1.504	0.767
	Felis silvestris	103	320	0.061	0.452	2.65	1.401	0.784
	Galictis cuja	118	322	0.047	0.448	2.928	1.416	0.780
	Zalophus californianus	118	338	0.049	0.479	2.795	1.43	0.801
Cetartiodactyla	Babyrousa babyrussa	106	344	0.062	0.398	2.734	1.409	0.784
	Bos taurus	108	329	0.057	0.41	2.777	1.395	0.789
	Camelus bactrianus	96	232	0.051	0.295	2.903	1.268	0.771
	Giraffa camelopardalis	106	309	0.056	0.435	2.731	1.421	0.793
	Kogia breviceps	96	219	0.048	0.488	3.099	1.316	0.825
Chiroptera	Pteropus vampyrus	92	260	0.062	0.452	2.778	1.329	0.732
Chiroptera	Vespertilio murinus	96	264	0.058	0.476	2.821	1.358	0.729
Cingulata	Dasypus novemcinctus	95	279	0.062	0.524	2.769	1.331	0.844
Dasyuromorpha	Sarcophilus harrisii	118	390	0.056	0.449	2.714	1.502	0.779
Didelphimorphia	Didelphis virginiana	108	374	0.065	0.385	2.668	1.413	0.795
Diprotodontia	Macropus rufus	112	355	0.057	0.446	2.726	1.425	0.725
	Phascolarctos cinereus	119	397	0.057	0.429	2.699	1.538	0.710
	Trichosurus vulpecula	109	348	0.059	0.402	2.743	1.432	0.725
Eulipotyphla	Erinaceus europaeus	104	330	0.062	0.441	2.747	1.419	0.734
	Scalopus aquaticus	108	322	0.056	0.425	2.788	1.439	0.728
	Suncus murinus	104	304	0.057	0.411	2.835	1.418	0.753
Hyracoidea	Procavia capensis	115	340	0.052	0.451	2.84	1.507	0.815
Lagomorpha	Oryctolagus cuniculus	122	343	0.046	0.422	2.831	1.556	0.786
Monotremata	Ornithorhynchus anatinus	84	282	0.081	0.382	2.575	1.179	0.765
Monotremata	Tachyglossus aculeatus	85	260	0.073	0.389	2.709	1.183	0.791
Notoryctemorphia	Notoryctes typhlops	112	363	0.058	0.455	2.736	1.485	0.806
Paucituberculata	Caenolestes fuliginosus	122	383	0.052	0.435	2.767	1.544	0.770
Peramelemorphia	Macrotis lagotis	120	396	0.055	0.434	2.72	1.541	0.790
Perissodactyla	Equus caballus	124	327	0.043	0.454	2.874	1.555	0.774
Perissodactyla	Tapirus indicus	114	321	0.05	0.463	2.862	1.463	0.815
Pholidota	Manis pentadactyla	101	292	0.058	0.456	2.873	1.375	0.791
Pilosa	Bradypus tridactylus	110	318	0.053	0.548	2.909	1.293	0.782
	Choloepus didactylus	90	255	0.064	0.489	2.708	1.339	0.762
	Cyclopes didactylus	96	260	0.057	0.456	2.917	1.319	0.820
Primates	Homo sapiens	113	334	0.053	0.512	2.712	1.442	0.793
	Loris tardigradus	114	344	0.053	0.352	2.731	1.47	0.808
	Macaca mulatta	122	369	0.05	0.344	2.719	1.504	0.812
Proboscidea	Elephas maximus	110	273	0.046	0.439	2.829	1.424	0.797
Rodentia	Chinchilla lanigera	108	320	0.055	0.404	2.761	1.423	0.831
	Heteromys desmarestianus	96	294	0.064	0.356	2.719	1.256	0.803
	Neotoma fuscipes	120	333	0.047	0.409	2.825	1.521	0.814
	Pedetes capensis	112	323	0.052	0.434	2.775	1.474	0.802
	Sciurus vulgaris	130	364	0.043	0.421	2.807	1.575	0.780
Scandentia	Ptilocercus lowii	114	336	0.052	0.483	2.785	1.49	0.719
Sirenia	Dugong dugon	106	310	0.056	0.505	2.782	1.413	0.795
Tubulidentata	Orycteropus afer	101	272	0.054	0.504	2.86	1.308	0.783

N Number of elements, K Number of connections, D Density of connections, C Mean clustering coefficient, L Mean shortest path length, H Heterogeneity of connections, P Parcellation index

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