Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 1

From: The evolutionary and coevolutionary consequences of defensive microbes for host-parasite interactions

Fig. 1

Schematic of host (blue) - pathogen (green) - defensive microbe (red) interaction. The host is negatively affected by the pathogen while the pathogen is positively affected by the host. Pathogen and defensive microbes compete (negative-negative interactions). Defensive microbe has both positive (as it affords protection) and negative (as it imposes fecundity costs) effects on host. The evolutionary and coevolutionary dynamics depend on the fitness sets associated with pairwise and full three-species interactions

Back to article page