The colonization and divergence patterns of Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) populations reveal evidence of genetic surfing

Table 2 AMOVA analysis of microsatellite and D-loop data in Brandt’s vole populations

	Microsatellite	P	D-loop	P
	Percentage of variation	P	Percentage of variation	P
	23 populations		23 populations
Among populations	9.02	0.000***	52.46	0.000***
Within populations	90.98		47.54
	2 clusters		2 clusters
Among clusters	3.3	0.000***	59.7	0.000***
Among populations within clusters	7.33	0.000***	7.24	0.000***
Within populations	89.38	0.000***	33.06	0.000***
	3 clusters		3 clusters
Among clusters	2.6	0.000***	50.86	0.000***
Among populations within clusters	7.13	0.000***	8.90	0.000***
Within populations	90.27	0.000***	40.25	0.000***
	2 clusters (DR in the western)		2 haplogroups
Among clusters/groups	2.93	0.000***	75.99	0.000***
Among populations within clusters /groups	7.46	0.000***	---	---
Within populations	89.61	0.000***	24.01

For clusters (using microsatellite or D-loop) and haplogroup definitions see Figs. 1b, 2, 3c and Table 1, respectively. (ns: P > 0.05, *: P < 0.05, **: P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001)

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