Testosterone, territorial response, and song in seasonally breeding tropical and temperate stonechats

Table 2 Estimates of natural log-transformed testosterone concentrations of male stonechats in relation to latitude and detailed breeding stage

	Estimates and 95% credible intervals	Estimates and 95% credible intervals	Estimates and 95% credible intervals
Breeding stage	Africa (intercept)	Europe	Difference Africa – Europe
Pre-nesting (intercept)	6.96 [6.46, 7.46]	7.25 [6.15, 8.35]	0.29 [−0.31, 0.89]
Nest-building	8.36 [7.07, 9.64]	7.46 [5.59, 9.68]	*-0.9 [−1.84, 0.04]*
Difference	1.39 [0.61, 2.18]	0.21 [−0.56, 1.33]
Egg-laying	6.33 [4.49, 8.13]	6.54 [3.26, 9.79]	0.21 [−1.23, 1.66]
Difference	−0.66 [−1.97, 0.66]	−0.71 [−2.89, 1.44]
Incubation	6.58 [5.44, 7.7]	6.83 [4.91, 8.74]	0.25 [−0.53, 1.04]
Difference	−0.38 [−1.02, 0.25]	−0.42 [−1.24, 0.39]
Nestlings	6.32 [5.16, 7.48]	6.26 [4.27, 8.26]	-0.06 [−0.89, 0.78]
Difference	− *0.64 [−1.3, 0.02]*	−0.99 [−1.88, −0.09]
Fledglings	6.4 [5.23, 7.56]	6.55 [4.53, 8.56]	0.15 [−0.7, 1.00]
Difference	−0.56 [−1.21, 0.1]	−0.7 [−1.62, 0.21]

Columns show Bayesian estimates and credible intervals. Differences refer to differences from the pre-nesting intercept. When zero is not included within the credible intervals of the differences there is a detectable effect of this parameter on the dependent variable (printed in bold). Italic font indicates credible intervals that cross zero only marginally.

ISSN: 2730-7182