Species | Facultative Necrotroph? | Characterization | Rhizomorphs in nature? | Hosts | Known range | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Armillaria affinis | Unknown | Â | Unknown | Â | Central America | [59] |
Armillaria altimontana | Unknown | Â | Yes | Hardwoods and conifers | Higher elevation forests of Western interior of North America | [83] |
Armillaria borealis | Yes | Weakly pathogenic, opportunistic | Yes | Birch, wild cherry | Europe | |
Armillaria calvescens | Yes | Opportunistic pathogen on stressed trees | Yes | Hardwoods, particularly sugar maple | Eastern North America | |
Armillaria camerunensis | Unknown | Observed in a disease center, but unknown if it is the causal agent | None observed | Unknown | Africa | This study |
Armillaria cepistipes | Yes | Weakly pathogenic | Yes | Conifers | Europe, North America | |
Armillaria fumosa | Unknown | Â | Unknown | Â | Australia | [59] |
Armillaria fuscipes | Yes | Particularly pathogenic to exotic species | None observed | Pine forest plantations, Acacia and Cordia species | Africa, India | |
Armillaria gallica | Yes | Weakly or secondarily pathogenic | Yes | Hardwoods | Europe, North America, Asia | [58] |
Armillaria gemina | Yes | Primary pathogen | Yes | Maples, beech Birch | Eastern North America | [86] |
Armillaria hinnulea | Yes | Secondary pathogen | Yes | In wet sclerophyll forests | Australia, New Zealand | |
Armillaria limonea | Yes | Pathogenic to pine seedlings (introduced tree) | Yes | Pine | Argentina, Chile, New Zealand | |
Armillaria luteobubalina | Yes | Primary pathogen in native forests | Yes | Eucalyptus | Australia, Tasmania | |
Armillaria mellea | Yes | Highly pathogenic | Yes | Over 600 ornamentals, hardwood and orchard trees | Europe, North America, Asia | |
Armillaria novae-zelandiae | Yes | Pathogenic to pine seedlings (introduced tree) | Yes | Pine | Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand | |
Armillaria pallidula | Unknown | Â | Unknown | Â | Australia | [59] |
Armillaria puiggarii | Unknown | Observed in a disease center, but unknown if it is the causal agent | Melanized rhizomorphs observed in the field | Dicymbe spp. | Argentina, Bolivia Caribbean, Guyana | [95] and this study |
Armillaria sinapina | Yes | Weakly pathogenic | Yes | Conifers | North America, Japan | [97] |
Armillaria solidipes | Yes | Highly pathogenic | Yes | Conifers | Cooler regions of North America, Europe, China | |
Desarmillaria ectypa | Unknown | Saprotrophic on decaying peat moss | No | Sphagnum moss | Europe, Russia, Japan, China | [57] |
Desarmillaria tabescens | Yes | Highly pathogenic | No | Eucalyptus, Quercus | Asia, Europe, North America | |
Guyanagaster lucianii | Unknown | Only saprotrophic stage observed | No | Eperua spp. | Guyana | This study |
Guyanagaster necrorhizus | Unknown | Only saprotrophic stage observed | No, but short non-melanized hyphal cords may be produced | Dicymbe spp. | Guyana | [27] |