Fig. 2

The seven individual plumage patches sampled in this study. 1) Field guide terminology, and the corresponding feather tracts (pterylae; [18]) are as follows: a) Nape: interscapular tract, b) Wing (scapular, wing coverts, tertials, primaries and secondaries): humeral tract, upper marginal coverts of prepatagium and upper wing covert tract, c) Rump and uppertail coverts: dorsopelvic tract and dorsal caudal tract, d) Tail: upper major tail covert, upper median tail covert and rectrices tract, e) Breast: ventral cervical tract, f) Flanks or side: pecterosternal tract in Anseriformes or pectoral tract in Galliformes, g) Vent and undertail coverts: abdominal tract in Anseriformes or lateral and medial abdominal tracts in Galliformes. 2) In the whole body analysis, all patches are analysed together. The species illustrated is the Natal francolin (Pternistes francolinus)