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Fig. 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 3

From: Population genetic processes affecting the mode of selective sweeps and effective population size in influenza virus H3N2

Fig. 3

The joint effect of recurrent positive and negative selection with increasing population size. While the rate of adaptive substitutions and selection coefficient (s) are fixed at k ≈ 1.3 and s = 0.1, synonymous diversity is largest in Model A (L = 1,000) and decreases in Model B1 (incorporating background selection) with increasing number of sites under negative selection (L d ≈ L – 230) with s d = 0.1, for a given population size N. Simulations with N = 2,000 in Model A and (N, L) = (5,000, 1,000), (10,000, 2,000), or (100,000, 4,000) in Model B1 generate soft selective sweeps at comparable rates (f soft) (larger markers linked by dashed lines), and they also yield similar levels of synonymous diversity (πs) (larger markers linked by solid lines)

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