Table 3 Results of distance-based redundancy analyses (dbRDA) testing the effects of geography, climate and elevation on genetic differentiation among eleven populations of the Pyrenean Morales grasshopper

  Geography

10.42

0.001

53.66

 Elevation

0.54

0.651

5.75

Elevation

0.48

0.844

2.64

 Climate PC1

0.67

0.581

7.00

Climate PC1

0.42

0.883

2.35

  Climate PC2

7.57

0.002

45.70

Climate PC2

0.62

0.720

3.35

 Climate PC3

1.59

0.194

15.06

Climate PC3

2.02

0.084

9.37

  Geography

7.91

0.001

46.80

 Elevation

0.48

0.747

5.14

Elevation

0.43

0.871

2.76

 Climate PC1

0.61

0.661

6.40

Climate PC1

0.27

0.961

1.79

  Climate PC2

6.02

0.005

40.12

Climate PC2

0.70

0.665

4.33

 Climate PC3

1.84

0.144

17.05

Climate PC3

2.13

0.073

11.22