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Fig. 4 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 4

From: Evolutionary patterns of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway genes in the Suidae

Fig. 4

The causal model used to analyze the relationship among evolutionary and network parameters. The network parameter pathway position, number of protein-protein interactions (PPI), protein length, codon bias (measured as effective number of codons (ENC)) and length of the 3′UTR region are considered as exogenous variables. Continuous and dashed lines represent significant and nonsignificant relationships, respectively. Single-headed arrows indicate causal relationship between variables. Double-headed arrows indicate correlations between exogenous variables. Numbers on the arrows represent the standardized regression weights

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