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Fig. 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 3

From: Muscular anatomy of an entoproct creeping-type larva reveals extraordinary high complexity and potential shared characters with mollusks

Fig. 3

Confocal micrographs revealing the myoanatomy of different embryonic stages of Loxosomella murmanica. Scale bars: 20 μm. Nucleic acid staining (blue), F-actin staining (red). a: Ventro-lateral view of an early embryonic stage showing developing prototroch ring muscles (pm), body wall musculature (bm) and early prototroch longitudinal muscle fibers (plm). b: Lateral view of an early embryo. Developing body wall musculature (bm), prototroch ring muscles (pm) and prototroch longitudinal muscles (plm) are visible. The paired lateral longitudinal muscles (pllm) have formed. c: Apical view of an early embryo with a meshwork of concentric and longitudinal muscle fibers and developing apical ring muscles (am), body wall musculature (bm) and paired lateral longitudinal muscles (pllm). d: Ventral view of an older embryonic stage showing the prominent ring muscles of the prototroch (pm) and the frontal organ (fm). Prototroch longitudinal muscles (plm) and frontal organ retractor muscles (frm) have thickened. The left and right protonephridial porus with stained ring muscles (arrowheads) are visible on both sides of the embryo. e: Lateral view of an older embryonic stage with prominent frontal organ retractor muscles (frm). f: Fronto-lateral view of a late embryonic stage, probably close to hatching. The musculature resembles that of a fully developed creeping-type larva

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