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Figure 4 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 4

From: Immunity, suicide or both? Ecological determinants for the combined evolution of anti-pathogen defense systems

Figure 4

Coevolution of adaptive immunity and suicide in a structured population depends on the immune and suicide efficacies. (A): Fraction of hosts with adaptive immunity in the stationary state of the evolutionary process, as a function of the AI efficacy (pAI, y-axis) and the maximum suicide efficacy attainable (CD max , x-axis). Red accounts for AI fixation, blue for AI loss. The II efficacy has been fixed to pII = 0.2. (B): Suicide propensity evolved by majority hosts, in the same conditions as in A. Red accounts for high suicide propensities, blue for low or no suicide. The double white line separates two regions for which the majority hosts differ, in accordance to panel A. Notice that the actual suicide probability, pCD, is the product of the suicide propensity and the maximum suicide efficacy attainable, CD max . (C, D): Phase diagrams for the combined evolution of suicide and adaptive immunity in a structured population. I: innate immunity; A: adaptive immunity; D: suicide; brackets indicate coevolution of traits within the same host; regions with a striped shading pattern present coexistence of hosts with different sets of defense mechanisms.

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