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Table 4 Results of the Likelihood-ratio test comparing models differentiating λ and μ to models with equal birth-death parameters

From: Amino acid transporter expansions associated with the evolution of obligate endosymbiosis in sap-feeding insects (Hemiptera: sternorrhyncha)

 

Model

λ Background x 10 3

λ Sternorrhyncha x 10 3

μ Background x 10 3

μ Sternorrhyncha x 10 3

-ML

# Parameters

Likelihood ratio

p -value

APC

Single λ

1.2177

-

-

-

34.31

1

0.06

0.843

 

Single λ + μ

1.2533

-

1.0615

-

34.28

2

  

AAAP

Multiple λ

0.3631

6.849

-

-

35.01

2

12.51

0.002

 

Multiple λ + μ

2.88 x 10-9

1.110

0.6341

6.03 x 10-3

28.76

4

  
  1. For APC, the estimated parameters are global across the phylogeny. For AAAP, the parameters were rates were allowed to shift in sternorrhynchan species. Data generated with CAFE. λ represents the probability of gene duplication/loss (Single/Multiple λ), or gene duplication only (Single/Multiple λ + μ) per gene per million years. μ represents the probability of gene loss per gene per million years.