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Panmixia
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One cluster of haplotypes spanning entire study region; Majority of genetic variation found between individuals
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No evidence of discernable population structure into k > 2 demes
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All individuals equally divergent from one another
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Isolation-by-distance
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Positive linear relationship between genetic and geographic distance
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Positive linear relationship between genetic and geographic distance
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Populations closer to one another share a more recent relationship than those more distant for one another
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Population structure with complete isolation
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Haplotypes cluster into discrete and geographically distinct groups
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Individuals cluster into discrete, geographically distinct groups
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No evidence of recent migration between populations, but ancestral polymorphism may still be present
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Population structure with ongoing migration
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Haplotypes cluster into geographically distinct groups with overlap
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Individuals cluster into geographically distinct groups with some individuals showing evidence of admixture
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Evidence of recent migration between populations that is distinguishable from ancestral polymorphism
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