Figure 4

Coexistence of metabolic replicators in Model II. The rows of the figure differ in the number of diffusion steps per update: first row: D = 0, second row: D = 4; third row: D = 100. x- and y-axes are the sizes of metabolic (h) and replication (r) neighbourhood, respectively (N: von Neumann neighbourhood; 3: 3×3, 5: 5×5, 7: 7×7, 25: 25×25 and 37: 37×37 Moore neighbourhoods). The gray-scale shades of the boxes correspond to average replicator densities (%, see scale bar) on the whole grid at the end of the simulations (at t = 1.000). The numbers within the boxes of the panels indicate the average ratio (%) of the numbers of phenotype- and genotype forms at the end of the simulations (100 × Phen _x /Gen _x , x = 1, .., 4) in five replicate runs of the simulation in each parameter set. Zero means the collapse of the system (no replicator survives to t = 1.000). Replication constants: k _1p = 3.0, k _1g = 4.0, k _2p = 5.0, k _2g = 6.0 , k _3p = 7.0, k _3g = 8.0, k _4p = 9.0 and k _4g = 10.0; subscripts p and g denote phenotype-forms and genotype-forms of replicator types, respectively.