Figure 3

Ancestral state reconstruction of data simulated under Brownian motion. Top row: phylogenies exhibiting ancestral state reconstructions; each tip is labeled with the known character state, while at each internal node, upper values represent the Brownian motion maximum likelihood reconstruction and lower values represent the reconstruction under the stable Markov chain Monte Carlo model to be described in this paper (left: original simulated data; right: the character value of a single tip has been multiplied by ten to simulate rapid evolution (or measurement error) on a single branch). Bottom row: the marginal probability density derived from MCMC for the ancestral state assignment of the root node using unmodified (left) and modified (right) data; the Brownian motion marginal probability density is grey and the stable margin probability density is black.