Figure 4

Genetic and morphological structure within Sigaus grasshoppers in South Island New Zealand. (a) Variation in the shape of the pronotum using digital imagery of Sigaus grasshopper pronotum shape (PCA analysis from MORPHOJ): (i) PCA for both species from all areas, with pronotum shape changes indicated along the PC1 axis. The two major groupings comprise S. childi separated from S. australis (ii) PCA for just individuals from the area of sympatry (Figure 1), with pronotum shape changes indicated along the PC1 axis. Within the area of sympatry there was no clear evidence of morphological intermediates. (b) Neighbour Joining tree of mtDNA haplotypes (COI, 519 bp) and a distribution map showing the spatial distribution of haplogroups. The circled clades (dashed circles) are used in the Network analysis (Figure 5). (c) Genetic structure genotype data (STRUCTURE analysis) for the Sigaus grasshoppers: (i) Results from the 74 RAD-seq SNPs of the two species in sympatry, S. australis and S. childi K = 2 (ii) Microsatellite genotypes from S. australis populations at K = 2; (iii) Microsatellite genotypes from S. australis and S. childi individuals (colours shown on map) at K = 2; (iv) Microsatellite genotypes from S. australis and S. childi individuals from the area of sympatry (see Figure 1) at K = 2.