Table 1 Populations sampled in this study

Sub-Saharan Africa

West

Dondé, Guinea

GU

10.70

−12.25

801

06/2004

I

21

Cotonou, Benin

BN

6.35

2.43

52

05/2004

I

8

Maiduguri, Nigeria

NG

11.85

13.16

295

09/2004

I

9

Kareygorou, Niger

NR

13.55

2.03

195

12/2004

I

20

Yokadouma, Cameroon

CY

3.52

15.05

561

04/2004

I

8

Mbalang-Djalingo, Cameroon

CD

7.32

13.73

1213

03/2004

I, D

20, 6

Maroua, Cameroon

CM

10.60

14.32

385

03/2004

I

22

Nkouondja, Cameroon

CN

5.50

10.68

1121

04/2004

I, D

24, 6

Mbengwi, Cameroon

CW

6.02

10.00

1274

04/2004

I, D

6, 4

Oku, Cameroon

CO

6.25

10.43

2169

04/2004

I, D, M

9, 5, 10

Franceville, Gabon

GA

−1.65

13.60

332

03/2002

I

19

East

Namulonge, Uganda

UG

0.53

32.60

1134

04/2005

I, D, M

20,21,17

Cyangugu, Rwanda

RC

−2.29

28.55

1602

12/2008

D

14

Gikongoro, Rwanda

RG

−2.49

28.92

1927

12/2008

D, M

25, 25

Marigat, Kenya

KR

0.47

35.98

1062

01/2009

D

25

Malindi, Kenya

KM

−1.43

40.03

78

01/2009

D

21

Ethiopia

Gambella, Ethiopia

EA

8.25

34.59

525

12/2011

M

6

Ziway, Ethiopia

EZ

7.93

38.72

1642

12/2008

D

25

Dodola, Ethiopia

ED

6.98

39.18

2492

12/2008

D

7

Fiche, Ethiopia

EF

9.81

38.63

3070

12/2011

M

44

South

Mwanza, Malawi

MW

−15.62

34.52

618

07/2001

I, D

13, 11

Siavonga, Zambia

ZI

−16.54

28.72

530

07/2010

M

51

Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe

ZK

−16.52

28.80

619

05/1994

I

16

Sengwa, Zimbabwe

ZS

−18.16

28.22

865

09/1990

I

13

Phalaborwa, South Africa

SP

−23.94

31.14

375

07/2010

M

6

Dullstroom, South Africa

SD

−25.42

30.10

2000

12/2011

M

49

Cosmopolitan

Palearctic

Cairo, Egypt

EG

30.10

31.32

25

01/2011

M

9

Lyon, France

FR

45.77

4.86

175

07/2010

M

71

Neotropical

Puerto Maldonado, Peru

PM

−12.60

−69.19

200

04/2013

M

14

Cusco, Peru

PC

−13.52

−71.97

3400

04/2013

M

10