Figure 1

Ultrametric tree of the Papionini and outgroup taxa as inferred from mtDNA dataset 1. Tree topologies as inferred from Bayesian (MrBayes) as well as from ML (RAxML) estimation were identical with one exception: At one node (labelled with #) the ML tree indicates Lophocebus as sister lineage to the Papio + Theropithecus clade (not depicted). All unlabelled branches show ML BP of 100% and Bayesian PP of 1.0. Values below are indicated at respective nodes. Blue bars indicate 95% credibility intervals of divergence ages. Time scale shows million years before present. For information about taxa and samples see Additional file 7: Table S2. * = sequences were newly generated in this study.