Figure 4

Ontogenetic changes in allometric scaling between body size and thoracic horn length in male Onthophagus binodis. (A) Scaling relationship between body size (presented as standard deviations away from mean) and horn length in male pupae (●) and corresponding adults (○). Pupal and adult allometries differ significantly in y-intercept but not slope. (B) Absolute (■ right) and relative (□ left) loss of pupal horn length as a function of adult male body size. Relative horn loss exhibits a marginally significant negative correlation with adult size, whereas absolute horn loss increases significantly with adult size. (C) Log-log plot of pupal against adult horn length. Gray line indicates expectation if adult horn length is a direct reflection of pupal horn length (y-intercept = 0, slope = 1). Regression analysis shows that the y-intercept is significantly different from 0, but that the slope is indistinguishable from 1 (indicating that remodeling occurs similarly for all males regardless of size). Red lines indicate 99% confidence intervals.