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Figure 6 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 6

From: Visualizing differences in phylogenetic information content of alignments and distinction of three classes of long-branch effects

Figure 6

Scheme illustrating the effect of dominating symplesiomorphies ( class I long-branch effect). If old character states are substituted along the lineage leading to species 4 and 5, the clade Ascothoracida and Acrothoracica is supported by false apomorphies (in reality plesiomorphies, black squares). This effect occurred in the study of cirriped phylogeny ([55], see also Figs 1 and 2). Short inner branches (arrow A), substitutions and reversals along long branches (arrow C) increase the probability of obtaining the false tree.

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